Table 5.
Crude and Adjusted Odds Ratios
| Outcome | Type of Surgery | N | Events | % | OR* | 95% CI | OR† | 95% CI | OR‡ | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any complication | Double incision with nipple graft | 243 | 47 | 19.3 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Periareolar incision | 113 | 36 | 31.9 | 1.95 | (1.17–3.24) | 2.71 | (1.37–5.39) | 3.14 | (1.44–6.84) | |
| Semicircular incision | 67 | 13 | 19.4 | 1.00 | (0.51–1.99) | 1.46 | (0.61–3.49) | 0.58 | (0.15–2.19) | |
| Other techniques | 41 | 8 | 19.5 | 1.01 | (0.44–2.33) | 1.63 | (0.54–4.92) | 0.51 | (0.06–4.38) | |
| Clavien-Dindo III–IV§ | Double incision with nipple graft | 243 | 14 | 5.8 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Periareolar incision | 113 | 19 | 16.8 | 3.31 | (1.59–6.87) | 7.83 | (2.61–23.4) | 7.40 | (2.40–22.9) | |
| Semicircular incision | 67 | 6 | 9.0 | 1.61 | (0.59–4.36) | 3.99 | (1.04–15.3) | 1.77 | (0.31–10.1) | |
| Other techniques | 41 | 3 | 7.3 | 1.29 | (0.35–4.71) | 2.51 | (0.43–14.8) | 0.00 | (0.00–.) | |
| Reoperation <30 days | Double incision with nipple graft | 243 | 8 | 3.3 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Periareolar incision | 113 | 14 | 12.4 | 4.15 | (1.69–10.2) | 7.56 | (2.13–26.9) | 8.62 | (2.38–31.2) | |
| Semicircular incision | 67 | 8 | 11.9 | 3.98 | (1.44–11.1) | 6.49 | (1.56–27.0) | 2.41 | (0.38–15.2) | |
| Other techniques | 41 | 3 | 7.3 | 2.32 | (0.59–9.13) | 4.46 | (0.71–28.0) | 0.00 | NA | |
| Secondary correction | Double incision with nipple graft | 243 | 69 | 28.4 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Periareolar incision | 113 | 74 | 65.5 | 4.78 | (2.97–7.71) | 2.87 | (1.54–5.36) | 3.19 | (1.52–6.69) | |
| Semicircular incision | 67 | 25 | 37.3 | 1.50 | (0.85–2.65) | 0.94 | (0.44–1.98) | 1.20 | (0.45–3.20) | |
| Other techniques | 41 | 13 | 31.7 | 1.17 | (0.57–2.39) | 0.94 | (0.35–2.56) | 0.28 | (0.03–2.36) |
*Crude odds ratio.
†Adjusted for age, ADHD, DM, overweight (BMI > 25), period, and smoking.
‡Restricted to last time period (2014–2018) and adjusted for age, ADHD, DM, overweight (BMI > 25), and smoking.
§A complication requiring surgical intervention or a life-threatening complication.
Double incision with nipple graft is superior to periareolar incision in all aspects of complications and also superior to semicircular incision with respect to acute reoperation within 30 days. None of the other pairwise comparison between surgery types were statistically significant.