Table 1.

Performance comparison chart of the new TCM traceability system and current mainstream traceability systems.

Characteristic	Centralized traceability system	EPCISa network service traceability system	Blockchain traceability system	New TCMb traceability system
Information traceability ability	Low	High	High	High
Tamperproof capability	Low	Low	High	High
Privacy protection capability	Low	Low	Low	High
Data dispersion capability	Low	Low	Low	High
Chain data size	N/Ac	N/A	Large	Small
Data response speed	N/A	N/A	Medium	Fast

^aEPCIS: Electronic Product Code Information Services.

^bTCM: traditional Chinese medicine.

^cN/A: not applicable (incomparable).