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Major Characteristics of Cardiolipin (CL).
(A) The chemical structure of CL is defined by its double glycerophosphate backbone and four fatty acyl chains (R1–R4). (B) The presence of a double glycerophosphate backbone and four fatty acyl side chains confers a conical shape to CL. (C) CL present in a lipid bilayer induces a negative curvature. (D) CL promotes the formation of highly curved regions within the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM).
