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. 2021 Jun 1;30(2):178–183. doi: 10.7570/jomes20088

Table 1.

Participants’ demographic, physical, and metabolic characteristics

Variable Clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes P

Ab (n= 32) Ab+ (n= 15)
Age (yr) 15.03 ± 0.3 14.33 ± 0.62 NS
Sex (male:female) 16:16 5:10 NS
Ethnicity (AA:AW) 17:15 5:10 NS
Tanner stage (II:III:IV:V) 2:1:9:20 2:1:2:10 NS
BMI (kg/m2) 36.7 ± 0.9 30.5 ± 1.3 < 0.001
HbA1c (%) 6.6 ± 0.1 6.4 ± 0.3 NS
Fat mass (kg) 41.3 ± 1.9 32.9 ± 2.9 0.016
Percent body fat 42.3 ± 1.2 40.0 ± 2.1 NS
Diabetes duration (mo) 7.5 ± 1.7 5.7 ± 1.1 NS
Treatment modality NS
Lifestyle 6 (19) 2 (13)
Insulin 4 (12) 3 (20)
Metformin 15 (47) 2 (13)
Metformin and insulin 7 (22) 8 (54)
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) 113.9 ± 4.6 129.3 ± 10.9 NS
OGTT 2-hour glucose (mg/dL) 197.9 ± 9.7 299.1 ± 21.0 < 0.001
Fasting C-peptide (ng/mL) 4.2 ± 0.3 2.2 ± 0.3 < 0.001
OGTT 2-hour C-peptide (ng/mL) 10.7 ± 0.6 4.8 ± 0.6 < 0.001
Hyperglycemic clamp parameter
1st-phase insulin (µU/mL) 123.5 ± 26.6 34.5 ± 4.6 0.002
2nd-phase insulin (µU/mL) 168.8 ± 23.9 45.8 ± 7.4 < 0.001
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp parameter
Peripheral IS (mg/kg/min per µU/mL) 1.5 ± 0.2 3.3 ± 0.5 < 0.001

Values are presented as mean± standard error of the mean or number (%).

NS, not significant; AA, African American; AW, American White; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; IS, insulin sensitivity.