Table 3.
Quantitative parameters assessed in translabial sonography during pregnancy and after different modes of delivery
| During pregnancy (34-36th week) n = 45 | Spontaneous delivery n = 17 | Vacuum extraction n = 11 | Cesarean section n = 17 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mean ± SD | mean ± SD | p value | mean ± SD | p value | mean ± SD | p value | |
| BNM [cm] | 0.2 | 1.04 ± 0.26 | < 0.0001* | 0.86 ± 0.32 | .0072* | 1.08 ± 0.33 | < 0.0001* |
| Retrovesical angle [°] | 132.6 ± 9.74 | 132.08 ± 14.53 | 0.76 | 133.64 ± 7.45 | .41 | 122.06 ± 18.55 | 0.51 |
|
Hiatal area on VM [cm2] |
13.37 | 16.81 ± 4.67 | 0.0117* | 13.35 ± 1.97 | .49 | 13.55 ± 2.86 | 0.66 |
| LAM avulsion | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |||
| Ballooning | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||
Hiatal area was significantly smaller after VE (p value = 0.04) and CS (p value = 0.03) than after spontaneous delivery
BNM bladder neck mobility, LAM levator ani muscle
p value (paired t tests comparing values during pregnancy and post-partum, significant p value (< 0.05) marked with an asterisk)