TABLE 1.

Characteristics of Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in fee-for-service Medicare between 2008 and 2015

	Metropolitan counties	Micropolitan counties	Rural counties
Person-years (N)	129,624,353	23,649,523	17,282,079
Age in calendar year, mean	76.9	76.5	76.4
Female (%)	58.4%	57.1%	56.2%
Black (%)	7.7%	4.6%	4.7%
Hispanic (%)	5.2%	2.4%	1.7%
Other race (%)	3.7%	1.8%	1.7%
Dual eligible (%)	12.1%	13.0%	15.6%
No. of chronic conditions, mean	4.22	4.01	3.86
HCC score, mean	0.66	0.64	0.64
No. of hospitalized days, mean	0.28	0.29	0.31
No. of nursing home days, mean	9.00	10.15	11.45
No. of home health assessments, mean	0.23	0.21	0.23
Residential ZIP code Medicare Advantage penetration (%)	23.03	15.46	13.32
Residential ZIP code dual-eligible rate (%)	16.17	18.15	19.79

Abbreviation: HCC, hierarchical chronic conditions.