Table 2:
Intraoperative data
| Variables | Manually adjusted GDT group (N=19) | Computer-assisted GDT group (N=19) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anesthesia duration (min) | 340 [260-480] | 330 [280-435] | 0.493 |
| Surgery duration (min) | 265 [190-370] | 240 [210-359] | 0.651 |
| Baseline maintenance crystalloid (ml) | 1487 ± 751 | 1608 ± 723 | 0.616 |
| Total volume of fluid bolus (crystalloid and colloid) (ml) £ | 1937 ± 1024 | 1753 ± 857 | 0.551 |
| Packed red blood cells (ml) | 721 ± 315 | 331 ± 129 | 0.070 |
| Patients transfused (%) | 3 (16) | 4 (21) | 0.676 |
| Total IN (ml) | 2600 [2250-5000] | 3300 [2800-4200] | 0.770 |
| Estimated blood loss (ml) | 400 [200-550] | 1000 [400-1500] | 0.022 |
| Urine output (ml) | 400 [300-500] | 950 [600-1200] | 0.002 |
| Gastric suction (ml) | 100 [50-100] | 150 [100-250] | 0.049 |
| Total OUT (ml) | 800 [600-1150] | 1900[1150-3002] | 0.002 |
| Fluid balance (ml) | 2050 [1650-4060] | 1400 [700-2100] | 0.034 |
| Mean BIS values | 49.4 ± 3.2 | 49.6 ± 3.1 | 0.838 |
| Total dose of norepinephrine (mcg) | 1340 [710-2240] | 765 [535-1426] | 0.068 |
| Mean rate of norepinephrine (mcg.min−1) | 5.8 [2.7-9.1] | 2.7 [2.0-6.7] | 0.133 |
| Norepinephrine rate modifications (N) | 15 [12-20] | 1271 [999-1432] | <0.001 |
| Percentage of case time when norepinephrine infusion was running | 95 [95-95] | 96 [91-99] | 0.438 |
| Lactate before skin incision (mEq/l) | 1.3 [0.8-1.9] | 1.0 [0.9-1.5] | 0.401 |
| Lactate at PACU arrival (mEq/l) | 2.7 [1.6-3.2] | 1.2 [0.9-2.3] | 0.011 |
Total IN is the sum of crystalloid, colloid and blood product administration while total OUT is the sum of estimated blood loss, urine output and gastric suction. Fluid balance is the difference between total IN – total OUT. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, median and [25th -75th] percentiles or number (%). GDT: goal directed therapy; PACU: post-anesthesia care unit.
£
: only one patient received a colloid solution in the control group. Bold indicates statistically significant P values