Table 3.

Association between severe AKI status and patient characteristics among neonates with NEC in the neonatal intensive care unit, 2013–2018.

Associated factors	Unadjusted model			Adjusted model
	OR	95% CI	P value	aOR	95% CI	P value
PIH	2.61	1.22–5.61	0.01	1.29	0.43–3.82	0.65
Antenatal steroids	2.35	1.23–4.67	0.01	3.05	1.14–8.87	0.03
Gestational age (weeks)	0.89	0.82–0.96	0.003	0.91	0.80–1.01	0.10
Birth weight	0.99	0.99–0.99	0.001	—	—	—
Male	1.58	0.86–2.92	0.15	1.53	0.57–4.14	0.40
Outborn	2.51	1.31–4.82	0.006	3.95	1.54–11.01	0.006
Pneumatosis	1.08	0.59–1.97	0.80	1.10	0.40–2.94	0.86
Surgical NEC	26.39	9.9–70.36	<0.001	30.68	8.98–130.67	<0.001
Positive blood culture	2.47	1.31–4.67	0.005	3.50	1.31–10.04	0.02
Vancomycin	0.61	0.27–1.37	0.23	0.41	0.08–1.90	0.26
Pneumoperitoneum	2.64	1.39–5.06	0.003	0.48	0.16–1.40	0.19
Gentamicin	0.33	0.17–0.63	0.001	0.31	0.10–0.88	0.03
Amikacin	0.60	0.30–1.21	0.15	0.63	0.18–2.18	0.47
Duration of antibiotics	1.03	0.98–1.10	0.17	0.99	0.89–1.09	0.85

AKI acute kidney injury, aOR adjusted odds ratio, PIH pregnancy-induced hypertension, CI confidence interval.

For gestational age, aOR wasbased on a 1-week change in gestational age; for birth weight unadjusted, aOR was based on 100 g change in birth weight; for the duration of antibiotics, aOR was based on a 1-day change in exposure to nephrotoxic antibiotics following NEC diagnosis.