Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants.
| Control (n = 49) | DLB (n = 55) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 62.4 (7.9) | 74.8 (7.1) | < 0.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 26 (53.1) | 23 (41.8) | 0.342 |
| Education, year | 14.5 (3.9) | 9.9 (5.3) | < 0.001 |
| Vascular risk factors, n (%) | |||
| HTN | 12 (24.5) | 27 (49.1) | 0.017 |
| DM | 4 (8.2) | 18 (32.7) | 0.005 |
| Dyslipidemia | 13 (26.5) | 20 (36.4) | 0.387 |
| DWMH, n (%) | 0.037 | ||
| Mild | 40 (81.6) | 34 (61.8) | |
| Moderate | 9 (18.4) | 19 (34.5) | |
| Severe | 0 | 2 (3.6) | |
| PWMH, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
| Mild | 40 (81.6) | 21 (38.2) | |
| Moderate | 9 (16.3) | 24 (43.6) | |
| Severe | 1 (2.0) | 10 (18.2) | |
| DLB features, n (%) | NA | ||
| PARK + FLC + VH + RBD | 0 | 10 (18.2) | |
| PARK + FLC + VH | 0 | 5 (9.1) | |
| PARK + FLC + RBD | 0 | 11 (20) | |
| PARK + VH + RBD | 0 | 2 (3.6) | |
| FLC + VH + RBD | 0 | 3 (5.5) | |
| PARK + FLC | 0 | 15 (27.3) | |
| PARK + VH | 0 | 1 (1.8) | |
| PARK + RBD | 0 | 3 (5.5) | |
| FLC + VH | 0 | 1 (1.8) | |
| FLC + RBD | 0 | 3 (5.5) | |
| PARK | 0 | 1 (1.8) | |
| UPDRS motor score | 0.8 (2.9) | 24.6 (13.6) | < 0.001 |
| CDR-SOB | 0.1 (0.2) | 5.2 (3.9) | < 0.001 |
| K-MMSE | 29.2 (1.0) | 20.9 (5.5) | < 0.001 |
| FBB-SUVR | 1.3 (0.2) | 1.6 (0.4) | < 0.001 |
| FBB-positivity, n (%) | 4 (10.3) | 26 (47.3) | < 0.001 |
| Asymmetry index | − 1.2 (1.2) | − 1.6 (5.9) | 0.656 |
| Absolute asymmetry index | 1.4 (1.0) | 4.2 (4.3) | < 0.001 |
| Antidepressants, n (%) | NA | 15 (27.3) | NA |
| Benzodiazepines, n (%) | NA | 13 (23.6) | NA |
| Cholinesterase inhibitors, n (%) | NA | 24 (43.6) | NA |
| Antipsychotics, n (%) | NA | 7 (12.7) | NA |
| Anticholinergic agents or dopamine agonists, n (%) | NA | 10 (18.2) | NA |
| NMDA receptor antagonists, n (%) | NA | 4 (7.3) | NA |
Data are expressed in mean (SD) or number (%). Group comparisons were performed using independent t tests or Chi-square tests.
CDR-SOB clinical dementia rating sum of boxes, DLB dementia with Lewy bodies, DM diabetes mellitus, DWMH deep white matter hyperintensities, FBB-SUVR 18F-Florbetaben standardized uptake value ratio, FLC fluctuation, HTN hypertension, K-MMSE Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, NA not applicable, NMDA N-methyl-d-aspartate, PARK parkinsonism, PWMH periventricular WMH, RBD rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, UPDRS unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale, VH visual hallucination.