Table 2.
The OFF- and ON-states of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale of patients with PD at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention.
| Outcomes | Baseline (V0) | Range | Post-12 weeks (V1) | Range | P | Change (V1-V0) | ES |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OFF-state | |||||||
| UPDRS-III | 27.16 ± 7.11 (26) | 14–46 | 24.08 ± 8.2 (24) | 10–42 | 0.004 | −3.08 ± 4.41 | 0.699 |
| Tremor subscores | 2.2 ± 2.27 (2) | 0–8 | 2.04 ± 2.01 (1) | 0–7 | 1.000 | −0.16 ± 1.21 | 0.132 |
| Rigidity subscores | 5.48 ± 3 (6) | 1–10 | 4.88 ± 3.06 (5) | 0–10 | 0.057 | −0.60 ± 1.35 | 0.443 |
| Akinesia subscores | 11.64 ± 3.4 (11) | 4–20 | 9.68 ± 4.03 (10) | 3–17 | 0.012 | −1.96 ± 3.01 | 0.652 |
| PIGD subscores | 1.88 ± 0.97 (2) | 0–4 | 1.68 ± 1.14 (1) | 0–4 | 0.267 | −0.2 ± 0.71 | 0.283 |
| mHYS | 2.4 ± 0.38 (2.5) | 2–3 | 2.3 ± 0.38 (2) | 2–3 | 0.125 | −0.1 ± 0.25 | 0.400 |
| ON-state | |||||||
| UPDRS-I | 2.64 ± 1.75 (2) | 0–7 | 2.48 ± 1.64 (2) | 1–7 | 0.607 | −0.16 ± 1.03 | 0.156 |
| UPDRS-II | 9.7 ± 4.27 (10) | 2–16 | 8.8 ± 3.8 (10) | 2–15 | 0.383 | −0.92 ± 2.89 | 0.319 |
| UPDRS-III | 17.56 ± 6.92 (16) | 8–33 | 15 ± 7.76 (15) | 4–36 | 0.007 | −2.56 ± 5.36 | 0.477 |
| UPDRS-IV | 3.08 ± 1.19 (3) | 2–6 | 2.96 ± 1.02 (3) | 2–6 | 1.000 | −0.12 ± 1.39 | 0.086 |
| Total UPDRS | 33 ± 10.65 (30) | 15–51 | 29.24 ± 10.26 (30) | 12–53 | 0.003 | −3.76 ± 6.04 | 0.623 |
| Tremor subscores | 1.08 ± 1.19 (1) | 0–4 | 0.72 ± 0.84 (1) | 0–3 | 0.118 | −0.36 ± 0.99 | 0.362 |
| Rigidity subscores | 3.48 ± 2.28 (4) | 0–8 | 3 ± 2.58 (3) | 0–10 | 0.302 | −0.48 ± 1.56 | 0.308 |
| Akinesia subscores | 8.68 ± 3.42 (8) | 4–21 | 7.36 ± 3.44 (7) | 1–14 | 0.078 | −1.32 ± 3.15 | 0.420 |
| PIGD subscores | 0.6 ± 0.91 (0) | 0–3 | 0.44 ± 0.92 (0) | 0–3 | 0.453 | −0.16 ± 0.62 | 0.256 |
| mHYS | 2.12 ± 0.3 (2) | 2–3 | 2.1 ± 0.32 (2) | 1.5–3 | 1.000 | −0.02 ± 0.18 | 0.114 |
Change in negative value indicates improvement. Mean ± SD (Medium); p: signed rank test, α = 0.05, 2-tailed; ES: 0.2 small effect, 0.5 medium effect, 0.8 large effect; Tremor subscores: items 20-21 (tremor at rest, action or postural tremor of hands); Rigidity subscores: item 22 (rigidity); Akinesia subscores: items 23–26 (finger taps, hand movements, rapid alternating movements of the hands, and leg agility); PIGD subscores: items 29–30 (gait, postural stability).
ES, effect size; UPDRS, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale; mHYS, modified Hoehn and Yahr scale.