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. 2021 Jun 30;9:692776. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.692776

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Copyright © 2021 Aklima, Onojima, Kimura, Umiuchi, Shibata, Kuraoka, Oie, Suganuma and Ohta.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of transient depolarization on matrix pH, electron transfer, and ROS production. Isolated mitochondria were measured in the presence of 5 mM malate and 5 mM glutamate. (A–D) Effects of ADP or oligomycin on (A) the frequency of the transient depolarizations, (B) the matrix pH, and (C,D) the respiration rate. Mitochondria were incubated for 20 min at 25°C with 5 mM ADP and 1 μM oligomycin before measurements. (E) Effects of ADP or oligomycin on ROS production. (F) Effects of CCCP on ROS production. The H₂O₂ production rate of control mitochondria was set to 100% for (E) and (F). Values represent the mean ± SEM (n > 50 for frequency and matrix pH. n = 3 for respiration and ROS). *p < 0.05 vs. control without ADP and oligomycin for (A,B,E,F); oligomycin for (D).