Figure 2.

Lactate transport and redox balance. (A) Inter-cellular lactate exchange is associated with inter-cellular electron fluxes. (B) Schematic representation of monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) which are constituted by 12 transmembrane domains, and their chaperone proteins (basigin and embigin). The transport of monocarboxylates (lactate, pyruvate, and ketone bodies) is associated with a proton transport (symport) and occurs bidirectionally depending on the electrochemical gradient. Adapted from Carriere et al. (2020). TCA, tricarboxylic acid cycle.