Table 1. Clinical characteristics in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with (n = 16, females n = 9) and without (n = 22, females n = 18) type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (mean+standard deviation).

	AD patients without T2DM	AD patients with T2DM
Age (years)	83.3+5.7	82.3+4.2
MMSE	11.6+7.1	12.7+7.5
ADL (IADL M and F)	2.9+2.2 (M: 1.7+1.7; F: 1.2+1.8)	2.7+1.8 (M: 1.4+1.5; F: 0.7+1.0)
MCPS	48.6+10.5	47.4+7.0
CIRS-SI and -CI	2.2+0.6 and 4.8+2.2	2.3+0.4 and 5.6+1.4
BMI	24.4+7.0	26.7+5.7
Waist circumference (cm)	M: 98.7+1.5; F: 90.3+22.6	M: 97.7+8.6; F: 89.1+15.2
MNA	17.4+6.0	18.8+4.8
Cornell	14.2+8.6	11.4+6.0
CDR	2.7+1.4	2.2+1.1
CAM	2.7+1.5	2.2+1.9
CAM-S	7.8+4.1	4.7+3.7 *
NPI	53.7+28.5	40.2+20.2
Fasting glycaemia (mg/dl)	94.5+11.2	135.6+58.0 **
Fasting insulinaemia (µu/ml)	6.0+2.6	8.9+9.5
HbA1c	5.4+0.4%	6.8+1.1% ***
HOMA index	1.4+0.6	3.2+3.4 *
GFR (CKD-EPI; ml/min)	66.0+16.9	64.9+23.4

MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; ADL, Activity of Daily Living; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; MCPS, Marigliano-Cacciafesta Polypathology Scale; CIRS, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale; SI, severity index; BMI, body mass index, MNA, Mini Nutritional Assessment; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating scale; CAM, Confusion Assessment Method; CAM-S, CAM-severity; NPI, Neuropsychiatric Inventory; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; CKD-EPI, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula; M, male; F, female.

*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.0001.