Table I.
Summary of studies in surveillance of hospital-onset COVID-19 infection
| Study | Country | Proportion of HOCI cases | Type of surveillance | Automated surveillance | Population | Inclusion of HCWs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [19] | Taiwan | Not reported | Real-time | Yes | General hospital inpatients | Unclear |
| [20] | China (HK) | 0.0% (0/42) nosocomial | Real-time | Yes | General hospital inpatients | Yes |
| [21] | Korea | Not reported | Retrospective | No | Emergency department inpatients | Yes |
| [22] | US | 12.5% (1/8) possibly healthcare-associated; 0.0% (0/8) definitely healthcare-associated | Retrospective | No | General hospital inpatients | No |
| [2] | UK | 15.2% (57/374) suspected or highly likely to be hospital-acquired | Prospective genomic | Yes | General hospital inpatients | Yes |
| [23] | UK | 9.9% (90/907) hospital-onset; 3.1% (28/907) possible hospital-onset | Real-time | Yes | General hospital inpatients | No |
| [24] | US | 0.3% (2/697) hospital-acquired | Retrospective | No | General hospital inpatients | No |
| [25] | UK | 8.3% (42/505) highly probable nosocomial; 3.0% (15/505) probable nosocomial | Retrospective | No | General hospital inpatients | Yes |
| [26] | UK | 1.2% (8/662) likely hospital-acquired; 5.9% (39/662) highly likely hospital-acquired | Retrospective | No | General hospital population inpatients | No |
HCW, healthcare worker; HOCI, hospital-onset COVID-19 infection.