Figure 2.

Emissions in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂ equivalent) from the maize soil-rhizosphere experiment: (A) sum of all three main GHGs, (B) methane (CH₄), (C) carbon dioxide (CO₂), and (D) nitrous oxide (N₂O). Bars with the same letter are not significantly different (p < 0.05). Three groups of series of letters compare treatments: uppercase letters (ABCD) on the top of bars compare differences among total emissions of the entire experiment; lowercase letters close to bars compare each stage period (abcd for V5 and wxyz for V15). V5 includes accumulated gas measurements before the rhizosphere sampling at V5, while V15 includes accumulated gas measurements between both rhizosphere sampling times (V5 and V15). Total bars are the sum of both periods (V5 and V15). Treatments: C, Control; F, Urea-topdressing fertilization at V5; I, A. brasilense inoculant on seeds sowing; FI, F + I; S, Maize stover coverage; FS, F + S; IS, I + S; FIS, F + I + S.