Table 2.
Clinical Efficacy of TTFields
| Source | Intervention | Patients, No. | Median OS (95% CI) | Median PFS (95% CI) | PFS 6 Months,% | OS 1 Year,% | OS 2 Years,% | OS 3 Years,% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newly diagnosed GBM | ||||||||
| Kirson et al. 2009 | TTF + TMZ | 10 | >39 | 38.8 | ||||
| TMZ | 32 | 14.7 | 7.8 | |||||
| Stupp et al. 2017 (EF-14) | TTF + TMZ | 466 | 20.9 (19.3-22.7) | 6.7 (6.1-8.1) | 56% | 73% | 43% | 26% |
| TMZ | 229 | 16.0 (14.0-18.4) | 4.0 (3.8-4.4) | 37% | 65% | 31% | 16% | |
| Lu et al. 2019 | TTF + TBI | 8 | 32.5 (17.0-49.0) | 6.6 (3.7-9.2) | ||||
| TTF + BBC | 12 | 17.8 (13.3-19.9) | 5.1 (3.3-6.1) | |||||
| Lazaridis et al. 2020 | TTF + CCNU + TMZ | 16 | 20a | |||||
| Song et al. 2020 | TTF + TMZ + RT | 10 | 6.9 | |||||
| Bokstein et al. 2020 | TTF + TMZ + RT | 10 | 8.9 (2.1-12.9) | 58.30% | ||||
| Recurrent GBM | ||||||||
| Kirson et al. 2007 | TTF | 10 | 15.6 (5.1-31) | 6.5 (0.75-31) | 50% | 67.50% | ||
| Stupp et al. 2012 (EF-11) | TTF | 120 | 6.6 | 2.2 | 21.40% | 20% | 8% | 5% |
| BSC | 117 | 6 | 2.1 | 15.10% | 20% | 4% | 1% | |
| Mrugala et al. 2014 (PRiDe) | TTF | 457 | 9.6 | 44% | 30% | |||
| BSC | 117 | 6 | 20% | 7% | ||||
| Wong et al. 2015 | TTF + BEV | 34 | 4.1 (0.3-22.7) | 2.8 (0.1-20.7) | ||||
| TTF + BEV + TCCC | 3 | 10.3 (7.7-13.6) | 8.1 (6.4-13.2) | |||||
| Mahadevan et al. 2015 | TTF ± SRS | 40 | 8 (12 SRS vs 4 no SRS) | |||||
| Ansstas et al. 2016 | TTF | 8 | 7.9 | 2.7 | ||||
| Kesari et al. 2017 (EF-14 post hoc) | TTF + TMZ | 144 | 11.8 | |||||
| TMZ | 60 | 9.2 | ||||||
| Lu et al. 2019 | TTF + TBI | 18 | 18.9 (10.7-25.3) | 10.7 (6.7-20.8) | ||||
| TTF + BBC | 30 | 11.8 (8.6-15.8) | 4.7 (3.6-6.3) | |||||
| Korshoej et al. 2019 | TTF + SR Surgery | 15 | 15 (9.6-16.2) | 8.8 (6.2-13.2) | 64% | 64% | ||
| Zhu et al. 2020 (EF-19) | TTF | 192 | 7.4 (PP 8.1) | 42% | ||||
| BSC | 117 | 6.4 | 23.40% | |||||
| Fallah et al. 2020 | TTF + BEV | 23 | 10.5 (8.2-14.9) Male: 9.9 Female: 16 | 4.1 (3.6-9.5) Male: 3.9 Female: 13 | 33% | 46% |
Abbreviations: P, prospective; R, retrospective; RCT, randomized controlled trial; RCT-PH, post hoc analysis of RCT; TTF, Tumor-Treating Fields; TMZ, temozolomide; BSC, best standard of care; BEV, bevacizumab; TCCC, 6-thioguanine + lomustine + capecitabine + celecoxib; BBC, bevacizumab ± irinotecan or lomustine; TBI, temozolomide + bevacizumab + irinotecan; RT, radiotherapy; SR Surgery, skull-remodeling surgery; SRS, stereotactic radiosurgery; PP, per-protocol population.
aMedian PFS from diagnosis. TTFields was initiated after a median interval of 19 weeks (range 12-33 weeks).