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. 2021 Jul 14;43(5):2215–2229. doi: 10.1007/s11357-021-00409-y

Table 2.

Demographic, clinical, and radiological variables and outcomes

Variables Survived women Decesead women Survived men Decesead men p-value (survived women vs decesead woman) p-value (survived men vs. deceased men) p-value (survived women vs. decesead men) p-value (decesead women vs decesead men)
Numbers of patients, N (%) 458 (83) 94 (17) 855 (75.6) 276 (24.4) - - - -
Age, years±SD 66±14 78±9 64±12 75±10 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.031
Hypertension, n/N (%) 240 (53.7) 58 (62.4) 401 (51.9) 178 (68.5) 0.12 0.001 0.001 0.21
Diabetes, n/N (%) 62 (13.9) 18 (19.4) 160 (19) 79 (28.9) 0.17 0.001 0.001 0.23
Previous coronary stent, n/N (%) 15(3.3) 9 (9.6) 60 (7) 35 (12.7) 0.006 0.003 0.001 0.56
Previous CABG, n/N (%) 2 (3.4) 5 (1.4) 27 (4.3) 17 (10) 0.28 0.004 0.001 0.12
Peripheral artery disease, n/N (%) 24 (5.4) 8 (8.6) 38 (4.5) 34 (12.5) 0.23 0.001 0.001 0.52
History of atrial fibrillation, n/N (%) 37 (8.5) 10 (11) 54 (6.7) 45 (16.8) 0.45 0.001 0.001 0.17
Current smoking, n/N (%) 12 (3.3) 3 (4.7) 47 (7.4) 19 (10.6) 0.58 0.17 0.001 0.24
Chronic lung disease, n/N (%) 48 (10.8) 17 (18.3) 57 (6.8) 44 (16.1) 0.043 0.001 0.037 0.56
History of oncological malignancy, n/N (%) 20 (4.5) 10 (10.8) 41 (4.9) 15 (5.5) 0.016 0.68 0.53 0.045
Laboratory
  Hemoglobin, g/dl±SD 13.1±6 12.5±2 13.9±2 13.2±2 0.09 0.001 0.24 0.001
  White blood cells, n/mm3±SD 8770±4295 10638±3242 10312±4778 10680±4048 0.001 0.26 0.001 0.92
  Creatinine, mg/dl±SD 0.9±0.45 1.35±0.7 1.15±0.61 1.6±1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.004
  CRP, mg/dl±SD 12.3±15 14.9±13 16±18 16.3±11 0.11 0.81 0.001 0.41
  LDH, U/l±SD 335±186 446±217 382±196 544±405 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.021
  Baseline troponin, ng/ml±SD 34±90 87±145 116±757 326±986 0.034 0.14 0.008 0.25
  Oxygen saturation on air, %±SD 92±5 86±9 91±8 87±9 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.7
Radiology
  Coronary calcification (CAC), n/N (%) 223 (48.7) 58 (61.7) 516 (60.4) 197 (71.4) 0.022 0.001 0.001 0.068
  Left main, mm3±SD 10±40 48±138 20±76 39±75 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.36
  LAD, mm3±SD 62±144 128±219 131±250 238±325 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.007
  LCX, mm3±SD 27±138 88±275 62±233 124±266 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.46
  RCA, mm3±SD 47±252 93±263 98±344 257±729 0.14 0.001 0.001 0.07
  CAC volume, mm3±SD 147±455 355±743 308±745 646±1063 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.046
  Zero calcium score, n/N (%) 205 (44.8) 23 (24.5) 256 (29.9) 32 (11.6) 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.004
  Thoracic aorta calcification, n/N (%) 339 (74) 84 (89.4) 612 (71.6) 234 (84.8) 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.33
  Thoracic aortic calcification, mm3±SD 1825±3978 4209±6022 1687±3462 4476±6158 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.86
  Aortic valve calcification, n/N (%) 182 (39.7) 57 (60.6) 305 (35.7) 162 (58.7) 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.84
  Aortic valve calcium, mm3±SD 79±291 353±993 138±544 364±922 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.88
  Pleuric effusion, n/N (%) 61 (13.3) 20 (21.3) 124 (14.5) 47 (17) 0.047 0.3 0.16 0.24
  Pericardial effusion, n/N (%) 24 (5.2) 10 (10.6) 38 (4.4) 22 (8) 0.047 0.023 0.13 0.46
  Interstitial lung involvement >50, n/N (%) 76 (16.6) 35 (37.2) 170 (19.9) 109 (39.5) 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.73
In-hospital outcomes
  MACEs, n/N (%) 21 (4.6) 7 (7.4) 54 (6.3) 23 (8.3) 0.24 0.24 0.038 0.58
  Stroke, n/N (%) 6 (1.3) 3 (3.2) 10 (1.2) 7 (2.5) 0.19 0.1 0.22 0.87
  Peripheral arterial embolization, n/N (%) 2 (0.4) 2 (2.1) 0 (0) 10 (3.6) 0.078 0.001 0.001 0.73
  Pulmonary embolism, n/N (%) 13 (2.8) 2 (2.1) 34 (4) 5 (1.8) 0.69 0.087 0.38 0.81
  Acute coronary syndrome, n/N (%) 2 (0.4) 2 (2.1) 0 (0) 10 (3.6) 0.078 0.001 0.001 0.73
  NIV without intubation, n/N (%) 74 (16.2) 0 (0) 217 (25.4) 0 (0) 0.001 0.001 0.001 -
  Intubation, n/N (%) 36 (7.9) 7 (7.4) 114 (13.3) 50 (18.1) 0.89 0.05 0.001 0.023