Table 3.
Subgroup analysis on the effect of CBT - based interventions on systolic pressure.
| Subgroups | Systolic pressure: post- to pre-treatment effect |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Studies(n) | Participants(n) | I2% (P) | Q-test | MD (95%,CI) | SMD (95%,CI) | P (between) | |
| Behavioral strategies | 0.210 | ||||||
| Important | 2 | 136 | 44.90 (0.178) | 1.81 | −12.54 (−19.15, −5.93)*** | −0.86 (−1.38, −0.35)** | |
| Not important | 7 | 1241 | 57.20 (0.030) | 14.01 | −8.09 (−10.07, −6.12)*** | −0.87 (−1.25, −0.49)*** | |
| Cognitive strategies | 0.940 | ||||||
| Important | 5 | 917 | 75.20 (0.003) | 16.11 | −8.59 (−12.09, −5.10)*** | −0.81 (−1.23, −0.40)*** | |
| Not important | 4 | 460 | 0.00 (0.405) | 2.91 | −8.73 (−10.25, −7.21)*** | −0.93 (−1.51, −0.35)** | |
| Body directed strategies | 0.730 | ||||||
| Important | 6 | 993 | 67.40 (0.009) | 15.36 | −8.93 (−11.45, −6.41)*** | −1.03 (−1.55, −0.50)*** | |
| Not important | 3 | 384 | 42.60 (0.175) | 3.48 | −8.10 (−12.13, −4.07)*** | −0.63 (−0.83, −0.42)*** | |
| Mindfulness and attention | 0.090 | ||||||
| Important | 2 | 162 | 15.90 (0.275) | 1.19 | −5.11 (−9.39, −0.83)* | −0.43 (−0.74, −0.11)** | |
| Not important | 7 | 1215 | 57.60 (0.028) | 14.15 | −9.27 (−11.34, −7.20)*** | −0.99 (−1.38, −0.59)*** | |
| Homework assignment strategies | 0.650 | ||||||
| Important | 2 | 719 | 69.30 (0.071) | 3.26 | −11.33 (−22.50, −0.16)* | −0.48 (−0.63, −0.33)*** | |
| Not important | 7 | 658 | 60.60 (0.019) | 15.22 | −8.72 (−11.04, −6.41)*** | −1.00 (−1.44, −0.56)*** | |
| Dietary intervention intervention | 0.480 | ||||||
| Important | 3 | 364 | 0.00 (0.510) | 1.35 | −8.33 (−9.81, −6.84)*** | −1.06(−1.82, −0.29)** | |
| Not important | 6 | 1013 | 72.00 (0.003) | 17.85 | −9.77 (−13.48, −6.06) *** | −0.76 (−1.10, −0.41)*** | |
| Physical activity | 0.720 | ||||||
| Important | 4 | 484 | 25.30 (0.260) | 4.02 | −8.35 (−10.38, −6.32)*** | −0.92 (−1.48, −0.36)** | |
| Not important | 5 | 893 | 73.80 (0.004) | 15.26 | −9.11 (−12.81, −5.42)*** | −0.82 (−1.25, −0.39)*** | |
| Treatment form | 0.710 | ||||||
| Group | 2 | 655 | 0.00 (0.697) | 0.15 | −7.22 (−9.54, −4.91)*** | −0.48 (−0.63, −0.32)*** | |
| Individual | 2 | 186 | 89.60 (0.002) | 9.57 | −9.42 (−20.90, 2.06) | −0.71 (−1.47, 0.04) | |
| Number of session | 0.340 | ||||||
| ≥10 | 2 | 679 | 0.00 (0.715) | 0.13 | −6.87 (−9.02, −4.72)*** | −0.48 (−0.63, −0.33)*** | |
| <10 | 3 | 238 | 84.40 (0.002) | 12.82 | −10.21 (−16.71, −3.72)** | −1.09 (−1.94, −0.24)* | |
| Treatment course | 0.150 | ||||||
| ≥12w | 2 | 679 | 0.00 (0.715) | 0.13 | −6.87 (−9.02, −4.72)*** | −0.48 (−0.63, −0.33)*** | |
| <12w | 5 | 414 | 73.10 (0.005) | 14.87 | −10.82 (−15.82, −5.82)*** | −0.85 (−1.32, −0.39)*** | |
| Patients with comorbid mood symptoms | 0.700 | ||||||
| Yes | 2 | 200 | 71.30 (0.062) | 3.48 | −11.13 (−23.43, 1.18) | −0.55 (−0.83, −0.27)*** | |
| No | 7 | 1177 | 61.60 (0.016) | 15.64 | −8.69 (−10.79, −6.59)*** | −0.97 (−1.38, −0.56)*** | |
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.
MD = Mean difference; SMD = Standard mean difference.