Table 4.
Subgroup analysis on the effect of CBT - based interventions on diastolic pressure.
| Subgroups | Diastolic pressure: post- to pre - treatment effect |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Studies(n) | Participants(n) | I2% (P) | Q-test | MD (95%,CI) | SMD (95%,CI) | P (between) | |
| Behavioral strategies | 0.920 | ||||||
| Important | 2 | 136 | 85.10 (0.010) | 6.69 | −6.08 (−14.58, 2.43) | −0.74 (−1.93, 0.45) | |
| Not important | 7 | 1241 | 80.90 (0.000) | 31.37 | −5.63 (−7.73, −3.52)*** | −0.77 (−1.09, −0.46)*** | |
| Cognitive strategies | 0.300 | ||||||
| Important | 5 | 917 | 84.50 (0.000) | 25.80 | −5.05 (−7.95, −2.16)** | −0.71 (−1.15, −0.28)** | |
| Not important | 4 | 460 | 60.40 (0.056) | 7.57 | −7.07 (−9.52, −4.61)*** | −0.86 (−1.26, −0.45)*** | |
| Body directed strategies | 0.360 | ||||||
| Important | 6 | 993 | 82.10 (0.000) | 27.99 | −5.17 (−7.65, −2.68)*** | −0.75 (−1.18, −0.32)** | |
| Not important | 3 | 384 | 73.80 (0.022) | 7.64 | −7.15 (−10.64, −3.66)*** | −0.84 (−1.19, −0.48)*** | |
| Mindfulness and attention | <0.001 | ||||||
| Important | 2 | 162 | 0.00 (0.615) | 0.25 | −0.08 (−2.57, 2.41) | −0.02 (−0.33, 0.29) | |
| Not important | 7 | 1215 | 65.80 (0.007) | 17.55 | −6.97 (−8.59, −5.35)*** | −0.96 (−1.24, −0.68)*** | |
| Homework assignment strategies | 0.710 | ||||||
| Important | 2 | 719 | 66.30 (0.085) | 2.97 | −6.35 (−9.57, −3.13)*** | −0.66 (−0.89, −0.42)*** | |
| Not important | 7 | 658 | 83.90 (0.000) | 37.24 | −5.55 (−8.30, −2.79)*** | −0.80 (−1.24, −0.36)*** | |
| Dietary intervention | 0.590 | ||||||
| Important | 3 | 364 | 73.60 (0.023) | 7.57 | −6.54 (−9.41, −3.67)*** | −0.95 (−1.37, −0.53)*** | |
| Not important | 6 | 1013 | 83.30 (0.000) | 29.90 | −5.43 (−8.27, −2.58)*** | −0.68 (−1.07, −0.30)*** | |
| Physical activity | 0.290 | ||||||
| Important | 4 | 484 | 63.80 (0.040) | 8.28 | −6.95 (−9.25, −4.66)*** | −0.93 (−1.23, −0.63)*** | |
| Not important | 5 | 893 | 85.00 (0.000) | 26.59 | −4.85 (−8.03, −1.66)** | −0.66 (−1.13, −0.19)** | |
| Treatment form | 0.910 | ||||||
| Group | 2 | 655 | 33.10 (0.221) | 1.49 | −4.32 (−7.22, −1.42)** | −0.42 (−0.84, −0.01)* | |
| Individual | 2 | 186 | 95.50 (0.000) | 22.18 | −4.90 (−15.02, 5.23) | −0.65 (−1.20, 0.70) | |
| Number of session | 0.810 | ||||||
| ≥10 | 2 | 679 | 0.00 (0.406) | 0.69 | −4.83 (−6.13, −3.54)*** | −0.56 (−0.72, −0.41)*** | |
| <10 | 3 | 238 | 92.00 (0.000) | 25.01 | −5.58 (−11.52, 0.36) | −0.89 (−1.90, 0.12) | |
| Treatment course | 0.770 | ||||||
| ≥12w | 2 | 679 | 0.00 (0.406) | 0.69 | −4.83 (−6.13, −3.54)*** | −0.56 (−0.72, −0.41)*** | |
| <12w | 5 | 414 | 86.60 (0.000) | 29.76 | −5.47 (−9.60, −1.34)** | −0.72 (−1.30, −0.15)* | |
| Patients with comorbid mood symptoms | 0.950 | ||||||
| Yes | 2 | 200 | 74.40 (0.048) | 3.90 | −5.95 (−10.76, −1.14)* | −0.68 (−1.04, −0.32)*** | |
| No | 7 | 1177 | 83.60 (0.000) | 36.55 | −5.77 (−8.13, −3.41)*** | −0.81 (−1.18, −0.43)*** | |
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.
MD = Mean difference; SMD = Standard mean difference.