Table 3.
Regression weights between structural parameters for the pre-2000 cohort, alongside the newly created post-2000 SEM. Standardised effects remove original scaling information and can be used for comparisons. Larger numbers represent higher degrees of change; the scale runs from negative one to one.
| Unstandardised effects | Standard Error | Critical Ratio | P value | Standardised effect (β) (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-2000 SEM | |||||
| Emotional | |||||
| Nervous feelings | 1 | 0.47 (0.39–0.54) | |||
| Primary Care for mental health issues | 1.23 | 0.12 | 10.09 | <0.001 | 0.53 (0.47–0.59) |
| Depression | 2.27 | 0.25 | 9.07 | <0.001 | 0.65 (0.58–0.72) |
| Tense/Highly Strung | 1.09 | 0.09 | 12.11 | <0.001 | 0.53 (0.46–0.60) |
| Loneliness | 1.02 | 0.12 | 8.66 | <0.001 | 0.51 (0.44–0.58) |
| Miserableness | 1.46 | 0.15 | 9.5 | <0.001 | 0.62 (0.55–0.68) |
| Social Isolation | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.897 | 0.00 (−0.04–0.05) |
| Insomnia | 0.62 | 0.18 | 3.56 | 0.211 | 0.18 (0.08–0.27 |
| Critical Care | 0.03 | 0.02 | 1.97 | 0.049 | 0.08 (0.00–0.15) |
| Physical | |||||
| Insomnia | 1 | 0.27 (0.18–0.37) | |||
| Left Hand- Grip Strength | −2.58 | 0.51 | −5.1 | <0.001 | −0.52 (−0.58- −0.45) |
| Right Hand- Grip Strength | −2.50 | 0.5 | −5 | <0.001 | −0.50 (−0.57- −0.42) |
| FVC | −2.71 | 0.53 | −5.13 | 0.114 | −0.54 (−0.62- −0.46) |
| Overall health rating | −2.56 | 0.5 | −5.17 | <0.001 | −0.61 (−0.68- −0.54) |
| Critical Care | 0.04 | 0.02 | 1.98 | 0.047 | 0.09 (0.01–0.17) |
| Socio-economic | |||||
| Government funded support | 1 | 0.57 (0.50–0.64) | |||
| Employment Status | −0.63 | 0.08 | −7.77 | <0.001 | −0.40 (−0.48- −0.32) |
| Household Income | −1.55 | 0.17 | −9.28 | <0.001 | −0.59 (−0.65- −0.62) |
| Housing Tenure | 0.85 | 0.12 | 7.4 | <0.001 | 0.38 (0.30–0.46) |
| Critical Care | 0.13 | 0.04 | 3.09 | 0.002 | 0.14 (0.06–0.23) |
| Post-2000 SEM (without physical latent) | |||||
| Emotional | |||||
| Nervous Feelings | 1 | 0.46 (0.37–0.54) | |||
| Primary care for Mental Health Issues | 1.20 | 0.14 | 8.85 | <0.001 | 0.48 (0.41–0.55) |
| Depression | 2.84 | 0.36 | 7.91 | <0.001 | 0.62 (0.54–0.70) |
| Tense/highly strung | 1.11 | 0.1 | 10.73 | <0.001 | 0.52 (0.43–0.60) |
| Loneliness | 1.27 | 0.14 | 8.77 | <0.001 | 0.58 (0.50–0.65) |
| Miserableness | 1.41 | 0.16 | 8.81 | <0.001 | 0.55 (0.49–0.62) |
| Social isolation | 0.13 | 0.05 | 2.59 | 0.01 | 0.19 (0.08–0.31) |
| Insomnia | 1.30 | 0.2 | 6.59 | <0.001 | 0.35 (0.27–0.43) |
| Self-perceived health | −1.99 | 0.26 | −7.8 | <0.001 | −0.46 (−0.54- −0.39) |
| Critical Care | 0.07 | 0.02 | 3.91 | <0.001 | 0.19 (0.10–0.27) |
| Socio-economic | |||||
| Government funded support | 1 | 0.45 (0.31–0.58) | |||
| Employment Status | −1.39 | 0.25 | −5.56 | <0.001 | −0.62 (−0.74- −0.49) |
| Household Income | −1.29 | 0.29 | −4.38 | <0.001 | −0.34 (−0.43- −0.24) |
| Housing Tenure | 1.25 | 0.28 | 4.41 | <0.001 | 0.41 (0.30–0.53) |
| Critical Care | 0.10 | 0.04 | 2.72 | 0.007 | 0.15 (0.05—0.25) |