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. 2021 Jul 13;52:104. doi: 10.1186/s13567-021-00973-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Effect of FA on LPS-induced BMEC apoptosis and proinflammatory factor release. Cells were pretreated with the indicated concentrations (0, 5, 10, or 15 μg/mL) of FA diluted with serum-free medium for 2 h before exposure to LPS (50 μg/mL) for 12 h. A Cell apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry following annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining. Cells in the lower right quadrant (positive for annexin V and negative for PI) were early apoptotic cells. Cells in the upper right (UR) quadrant (both annexin V- and PI-positive) were late apoptotic cells. B Late apoptotic cells (cells in the Q1-UR quadrant) were counted. C The mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were quantified using RT-qPCR. The data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 3). ^###P < 0.001 compared with the control group, *P < 0.05 compared with the LPS group, and ***P < 0.001 compared with the LPS group.