Table 1.

Nutrient composition of the study diets

Measure	Kibble-chicken			Fresh-chicken			Fresh-beef			Fresh-pork			Fresh-Turkey
	FW	DM	g/Mcal MEa	FW	DM	g/Mcal MEa	FW	DM	g/Mcal MEa	FW	DM	g/Mcal MEa	FW	DM	g/Mcal MEa
Nutrient (%)
Moisture	5.40	–	13.78	72.90	–	530.35	71.60	–	509.36	73.60	–	684.77	71.00	–	502.10
Protein	35.44	37.46	90.44	9.94	36.68	72.31	10.56	37.18	75.12	10.50	39.77	97.69	11.56	39.86	81.75
Fat	18.25	19.29	46.57	8.22	30.33	59.80	7.38	25.99	52.50	3.96	15.00	36.84	7.77	26.79	54.95
NFE	29.76	31.46	75.94	6.62	24.43	48.16	7.93	27.92	56.41	9.24	35.00	85.97	7.13	24.59	50.42
Total dietary Fiber	12.5	13.2	31.9	5.5	20.3	40.0	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Crude fiber	3.3	3.5	8.4	0.5	1.8	3.6	0.3	1.1	2.1	0.4	1.5	3.7	0.3	1.0	2.1
Soluble fiber	9.2	9.7	23.48	5.0	18.5	36.4	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Ash	7.85	8.30	20.03	1.82	6.72	13.24	2.23	7.85	15.86	2.30	8.71	21.40	2.24	7.72	15.84
Phosphorus	1.04	1.10	2.65	0.26	0.96	1.89	0.33	1.16	2.35	0.40	1.52	3.72	0.30	1.03	2.12
Calcium	1.37	1.45	3.50	0.35	1.29	2.55	0.43	1.51	3.06	0.43	1.63	4.00	0.40	1.38	2.83
Ca:P ratio	1.32	1.32	–	1.36	1.36	–	1.30	1.30	–	1.10	1.10	–	1.34	1.34	–
Calculated ME density (kcal/kg) b
Atwater	4,251	4,493	–	1,402	5,174	–	1,404	4,943	–	1,146	4,341	–	1,447	4,989	–
Modified Atwater	3,833	4,051	–	1,278	4,716	–	1,274	4,488	–	1,028	3892	–	1,314	4,533	–

FW: fresh weight, DM: dry matter, NFE: nitrogen-free extract, ME: metabolizable energy (ME calculation in Supplemental Table 1 and ME values in Table 4).

^a ME calculated based on the measured food and fecal energy content with the bomb calorimetry as described in Supplemental Table 1. ME values are reported in Table 4.

^b Atwater and modified Atwater’s ME calculation are explained in Supplemental Table 1.