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. 2021 Jul 6;14:779–814. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S315711

Table 8.

HA Filler Degradation

HA Enzymatic:
Hyaluronidases

  • ROS

  • Superoxide, peroxynitrite

  • Various injury models

 HYAL 1 +2
Endo-β-N-acetyl-D-hexosaminidase splits disaccharide β-1,4-glycosidic bonds

  • ROS: Induced by cell stress, UV, infrared, pollution
BDDE Degraded to glycerol + succinic acid
Cell-surface R binding CD 44 binds large fragments (anti-inflammatory)
TLR’s binds small HA fragments (pro-inflammatory)

Note: Data from De Boulle et al.92

Abbreviations: ROS, reactive oxygen species; Hyal, hyaluronidase; UV, ultraviolet; TLRs, Toll-like receptors.