Table 2. NOD2 Agonistic Activities of the Desmuramylpeptides with a Modified d-Glutamic Acid Moiety.

^aSEAP activities were measured in NOD2-specific HEK-Blue cell supernatants after incubation for 18 h with MDP (2 μM) or the compounds of interest (2 μM). The data are shown as fold increases of NF-κB transcriptional activity relative to the negative control (0.1% DMSO) and are expressed as mean ± SEM of at least two independent experiments.

^bMixture of two diastereomers with l and d configurations of valine.