FIGURE 1.

Protein and RNA transport to peripheral subneuronal compartments. Roughly it is underlined the neuronal compartments where local protein synthesis occurs (A). In the soma, expressly in the nucleus, DNA is transcribed to RNA and after splicing, the resulting mRNA (B) can be either processed by the classical somatic translation or the local protein synthesis. For the classical one, the mRNA is translated by ribosomes associated to RER (Bⁱ) and free cytosolic ribosomes (Bⁱⁱ). Synthetized proteins are transported (C) through dyneins or kinesis associated to microtubules (Cⁱ) to target compartments where elicit their function (Dⁱ). For local translation, mRNA is associated to RBPs and assembled as RNP granules (Bⁱⁱⁱ), which can be transported through kinesis (Cⁱⁱ) or by myosins linked to actin filaments (Cⁱⁱⁱ). At the target compartments (D), transported mRNAs are locally translated, and the newly synthesized proteins (Dⁱⁱ) elicit their function.