Table 2.
Diagnostic accuracy of LMW contrast agents in clinical studies.
| Agent | Cancer type | Test description | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OTL38 | Ovarian | Any lesion (FRα + or -) | 83.9%-96.8% * | - | 85.3%-92.6% * | - | (34) |
| FRα + only | 85.9%-97.9% * | - | 88.1%-94.9% * | - | |||
| Lung | >1 cm nodules | 95.6% (87.6%–99.1%) | 42.9% (9.9%–81.6%) | 94.2% (85.8%–98.4%) | 50% (11.8%–88.2%) | (40) | |
| <1 cm nodules | 100% (78.2%–100%) | 50.0% (1.2%–98.7%) | 93.8% (69.8%–99.8%) | 100% (2.5%–100%) | |||
| Pituitary adenoma | Nonfunctioning adenoma | 75% (51–90%) | 100% (60–100%) | 100% (75–100%) | 62% (43–77%) | (47) | |
| FRα-overexpressing adenoma | 100% (75–100%) | 100% (31–100%) | 100% (75–100%) | 100% (31–100%) | |||
| Margin detection with high FRα-expression | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | (46) | ||
| Margin samples | 100% (54–100%) | 100% (63–100%) | 100% (54–100%) | 100% (63–100%) | (55) | ||
| BBN-IRdye800CW | Glioblastoma | From 42 foci of fluorescent-guided sampling | 93.9% (79.8%–99.3%) | 100% (66.4%–100%) | 100% (88.8%–100%) | 81.8% (48.2%–97.7%) | (52) |
| From 89 harvested samples | 94.4% (85.6%–98.2%) | 88.2% (62.2%–97.9%) | – | – | (53) | ||
| cRGD-ZW800-1 | Colorectal carcinoma; ex vivo lymph node detection | 0.005 mg/kg, 2-4 h | 74% | 79% | 71% | 82% | (54) |
| 0.015 mg/kg, 2-4 h | 100% | 69% | 6% | 100% | |||
| 0.05 mg/kg, 2-4 h | 100% | 73% | 70% | 100% | |||
| 0.05 mg/kg, 18 h | 100% | 87% | 33% | 100% |
All rows except white are color coded to indicate diagnostic accuracy within the same reference but as classified by the test description column. *Range with or without patient as random effect. PPV, positive predictive value. NPV, negative predictive value. CI, confidence interval.