Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| No | Study | Population | Study location | No. of samples | Age mean (SD) |
Male n (%) |
DM n (%) |
HT n (%) |
Hyper-lipidemia n (%) |
Comparison/end point measure | Marker examined | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cugno et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | Italy | 148 | 61 (13) | 87 (59) | NA | NA | NA | ICU admission | VWF antigen, sTM, PAI-1 antigen, t-PA | 8 |
| 2 | Fan et al. (2020) | ICU patients | Singapore | 12 | 51 (17) | 11 (92) | 5 (42) | 6 (50) | 4 (33) | NA | VWF antigen | 6 |
| 3 | Goshua et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | United States | 68 | 62 (16) | 41 (60) | 20 (29) | 38 (56) | 18 (26) | ICU admission | VWF antigen, sTM, PAI-1 antigen | 9 |
| 4 | Helms et al. (2020) | ICU patients | France | 150 | 62 (14) | 122 (81) | 30 (20) | NA | NA | NA | VWF antigen | 6 |
| 5 | Henry et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | United States | 52 | 52 (21) | 30 (58) | 21 (40) | 26 (50) | 15 (29) | Severe COVID-19 | VWF antigen | 9 |
| 6 | Hoechter et al. (2020) | ICU patients | Germany | 22 | 62 (14) | 19 (86) | NA | NA | NA | NA | VWF antigen | 7 |
| 7 | Ladikou et al. (2020) | ICU patients | United Kingdom | 24 | 64 (13) | 18 (75) | NA | NA | NA | ICU admission | VWF antigen | 7 |
| 8 | Mancini et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | Italy | 50 | 58 (13) | 32 (64) | 4 (8) | 14 (28) | NA | ICU admission | VWF antigen | 7 |
| 9 | Morici et al. (2020) | ICU patients | Italy | 6 | 62 (5) | 4 (67) | 1 (17) | 2 (33) | NA | NA | VWF antigen | 6 |
| 10 | Nougier et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | France | 78 | 60 (14) | 51 (65) | NA | NA | NA | ICU admission | PAI-1 antigen, t-PA | 9 |
| 11 | Panigada et al. (2020) | ICU patients | Italy | 24 | 56 (15) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | VWF antigen | 6 |
| 12 | Pine et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | United States | 49 | 63 (17) | 33 (67) | 13 (27) | 30 (61) | 12 (25) | ICU admission | PAI-1 antigen | 8 |
| 13 | Ranucci et al. (2020) | ICU patients | Italy | 20 | 64 (12) | 16 (80) | 5 (25) | 6 (30) | NA | Mortality | t-PA | 8 |
| 14 | Rauch et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | France | 243 | 64 (16) | 155 (64) | 56 (23) | 118 (49) | NA | Worsening of the respiratory status | VWF antigen | 7 |
| 15 | Rovas et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | Germany | 23 | 64 (17) | 20 (87) | 0 | 15 (65) | NA | Mechanical ventilator | sTM | 9 |
| 16 | Sweeney et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | United States | 181 | 66 (15) | 106 (59) | NA | NA | NA | Mortality | VWF antigen | 7 |
| 17 | Taus et al. (2020) | All hospitalized patients | Italy | 37 | 62 (13) | 18 (49) | 0 | 21 (57) | NA | NA | VWF antigen, VWF activity | 8 |
DM, diabetes mellitus; HT, hypertension; ICU, intensive care unit; NA, not available; VWF, von Willebrand Factor; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 antigen; sTM, soluble thrombomodulin; t-PA, tissue-type plasminogen activator; NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; SD, standard deviation; n, number; %, percentage.