Table 4.
Multilevel, random-effects multinomial logistic models
| Dual product use* Relative to single product use |
Poly product user† Relative to single product use |
Poly product user* Relative to dual product use |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Relative risk ratio 95% CI |
Relative risk ratio 95% CI |
Relative risk ratio 95% CI |
|
| Cigarette type‡ | |||
| Non-menthol cigarettes | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Menthol cigarette | 1.16* (1.01 to 1.34) | 1.37*** (1.17 to 1.61) | 1.18* (1.01 to 1.39) |
| Sex | |||
| Males | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Females | 0.57*** (0.49 to 0.66) | 0.41*** (0.35 to 0.48) | 0.72*** (0.62 to 0.85) |
| Age | 0.95*** (0.93 to 0.97) | 0.87*** (0.85 to 0.90) | 0.92*** (0.89 to 0.95) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| White | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 0.77** (0.66 to 0.91) | 1.19 (0.99 to 1.44) | 1.55*** (1.28 to 1.87) |
| Black | 1.04 (0.73 to 1.47) | 1.87** (1.28 to 2.72) | 1.80*** (1.23 to 2.64) |
| Asian | 0.87 (0.68 to 1.11) | 1.94*** (1.51 to 2.48) | 2.23*** (1.73 to 2.86) |
| Other§ | 1.23 (0.94 to 1.561) | 1.98*** (1.48 to 2.65) | 1.61*** (1.21 to 2.13) |
| Institution type¶ | |||
| 2 years | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 4 years | 1.21 (0.94 to 1.57) | 1.33 (0.98 to 1.79) | 1.09 (0.80 to 1.50) |
| Nicotine dependence** | |||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Yes | 1.21** (1.03 to 1.43) | 1.56*** (1.30 to 1.88) | 1.29** (1.07 to 1.55) |
| Post hoc test: interaction term for cigarette type and survey wave | |||
| Survey wave * cigarette type | |||
| Menthol * wave 1 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Menthol * wave 2 | 1.16 (0.71 to 1.89) | 0.86 (0.51 to 1.45) | 0.74 (0.45 to 1.22) |
| Menthol * wave 3 | 1.43 (0.89 to 2.30) | 0.90 (0.38 to 1.52) | 0.63 (0.38 to 1.04) |
| Menthol * wave 4 | 1.14 (0.71 to 1.83) | 0.99 (0.59 to 1.69) | 0.87 (0.52 to 1.47) |
| Menthol * wave 5 | 1.32 (0.81 to 2.14) | 1.09 (0.63 to 1.89) | 0.82 (0.47 to 1.44) |
| Menthol * wave 6 | 1.05 (0.64 to 1.73) | 0.90 (0.52 to 1.58) | 0.86 (0.49 to 1.51) |
Bold indicates statistical significance; *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
*
Self-reported use of combustible cigarettes and one additional tobacco product in the past 30 days.
†
Self-reported use of combustible cigarettes and two or more additional tobacco product in the past 30 days.
‡
Self-reported type (ie, menthol/mint; non-menthol/mint) of cigarette smoked in the past 30 days.
§
Identify as American Indian/Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander or another race/ethnicity.
¶
Indicates if individuals attended a 2-year vocational/technical programme or 4-year college/university.