Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Jul 1;15:664781. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.664781

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2021 Rothhaas and Chung.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Afferent and efferent projections of POA warm sensitive neurons. Temperature signals are detected in the skin by primary sensory ganglia and then transmitted to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) in the pons, and the POA. Molecular markers for POA neurons that become activated in response to external warming are pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptides (PACAP) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1), and the leptin receptor (LepRb). The transient receptor potential M2 (TRPM2) ion channel is a local heat sensor in the POA. Thermoregulatory neurons in the POA project to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) and rostral raphe pallidus (rRPa). The rRPa is also strongly innervated by the DMH. TRPM2 labeled POA neurons project to the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH). POA neurons labeled with these markers co-express vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) or glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Sagittal brain scheme adapted from Allen Mouse Brain Atlas (©Allen Brain Atlas API. Available from http://api.brain-map.org).