Table 2.
Outcome Analyses over 16-weeks (N=30).
| Baseline Adjusted Outcome | MOREa (n=15) m(se) | TAUb (n=15) m(se) | Primary Analysis | Sensitivity Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days of Illicit Drug Use | 6.37 (2.76), [.67, 12.02] | 14.56 (2.77), [8.88, 20.25] | Fl,27.46=4.28, p=0.048 | Fl,24.09=5.86, p=0.023 |
| Days of Illicit Opiate Use | 2.47 (.97), [.47, 4.46] | 5.49 (.97), [3.49, 7.48] | F1,27.62=4.81, p=0.037 | Fl,27.45=5.08, p=0.032 |
| Opioid Cravingc | 15.52 (1.71) | 21.35 (1.72) | F1,26.97=5.76, p=0.024 | F1,24.35=6.95, p=0.014 |
| Paind | 50.76 (5.52) | 26.65 (5.54) | F1,27.05=9.34, p=0.005 | F1,24.26=8.29, p=0.008 |
| Emotional Limitationsd | 67.76 (9.65) | 31.07 (9.67) | F1,26.75=7.11, p=0.013 | F1,23.82=9.577, p=0.005 |
| Physical Limitationsd | 55.88 (9.65) | 26.97 (9.68) | F1,26.29=4.36, p=0.047 | F1,23.62=4.46, p=0.045 |
| Well-beingd | 64.65 (4.39) | 47.83 (4.40) | F1,26.43=7.23, p=0.012 | F1,24.02=11.51, p=0.002 |
| Vitalityd | 57.85 (4.14) | 38.45 (4.15) | F1,27.05=10.79, p=0.003 | F1,24.43=9.34, p=0.005 |
| Social Functioningd | 67.00 (6.27) | 44.69 (6.29) | F1,26.97=6.10, p=0.020 | F1,24.14=5.42, p=0.029 |
| General Healthd | 67.00 (6.27) | 44.69 (6.29) | F1,27.25=0.83, p=0.37 | F1,24.38=1.15, p=0.29 |
| Physical Functiond | 54.44 (5.69) | 45.09 (5.69) | F1,26..58=1.34, p=0.257 | F1,23.98=2.04, p=0.16 |
| Depressione | 34.11 (2.31) | 42.93 (2.34) | Fl,24.82=7.14, p=0.013 | F1,22.07=10.69, p=0.003 |
| Anxietyf | 41.05 (3.09) | 50.83 (3.09) | F1,26.13=4.96, p=0.035 | F1,23.16=6.97, p=0.015 |
MORE = Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement
TAU = Treatment as Usual
Measured with the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale, adapted for opioid cravings. Higher scores indicate greater craving.
Measured with subscales of the RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Higher scores indicate better functioning, health, and well-being and less pain, limitations, and symptom severity or interference.
Measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Higher scores indicate greater symptoms of depression.
Measured with the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Higher scores indicate greater symptoms of anxiety.
Note = The primary analysis reports the fixed effect of treatment. No significant treatment X time effects were observed, indicating that the effect of MORE vs TAU did not differ at 8- and 16-weeks. Sensitivity analyses included age, gender, and duration of methadone treatment as covariates.