Table 2.

Effect of shark liver oil supplementation on clinical measures, inflammatory markers, blood cell counts, and monocyte populations

Parameter	Before Placeboa	After Placeboa	Before SLOa	After SLO	Fold Changeb	P valuec	BH-Corrected P Valued
FPG (mmol/l)	5.01 ± 0.12	5.02 ± 0.15	5.10 ± 0.16	5.08 ± 0.17
HbA1c (%)	5.48 ± 0.06	5.48 ± 0.09	5.46 ± 0.05	5.47 ± 0.09
Insulin (mIU/l)	11.24 ± 1.17	10.30 ± 1.17	11.28 ± 1.73	9.64 ± 1.04
HOMA-IR	2.50 ± 0.27	2.33 ± 0.30	2.58 ± 0.42	2.21 ± 0.28
Cholesterol (mmol/l)	5.35 ± 0.34	5.49 ± 0.35	5.36 ± 0.34	4.98 ± 0.36	0.31	2.58e-04	2.84e-03
HDL-C (mmol/l)	1.17 ± 0.06	1.20 ± 0.06	1.13 ± 0.05	1.14 ± 0.06
LDL-C (mmol/l)	3.26 ± 0.26	3.29 ± 0.22	3.20 ± 0.23	3.08 ± 0.25
Non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	4.18 ± 0.33	4.29 ± 0.34	4.23 ± 0.36	3.84 ± 0.35	0.35	1.30e-03	7.13e-03
Remnant cholesterol (mmol/l)	0.98 ± 0.15	1.06 ± 0.19	1.11 ± 0.23	0.88 ± 0.20
Triglyceride (mmol/l)	2.01 ± 0.28	2.18 ± 0.38	2.25 ± 0.39	1.64 ± 0.35	0.29	1.32e-02	4.84e-02
hsCRP (mg/l)	1.86 ± 0.29	2.20 ± 0.42	2.70 ± 0.49	1.62 ± 0.17	0.26	4.74e-02	6.52e-02
TNFα (pg/ml)	3.38 ± 0.45	3.16 ± 0.30	3.52 ± 0.47	3.27 ± 0.53
MCP-1 (pg/ml)	148.57 ± 9.23	146.07 ± 8.52	142.55 ± 10.28	156.48 ± 11.93
VCAM-1 (ng/ml)	926.16 ± 72.99	881.66 ± 74.18	867.43 ± 83.42	870.04 ± 81.14
Hb (g/l)	150 ± 2.46	149 ± 2.42	148 ± 2.37	145 ± 1.96	0.42	4.27e-02	6.52e-02
WBC (109/l)	6.05 ± 0.26	6.43 ± 0.51	6.45 ± 0.35	5.82 ± 0.37	0.24	3.70e-02	6.52e-02
Platelets (109/l)	212 ± 12.74	211 ± 10.96	213 ± 12.27	201 ± 8.83
RBC (1012/l)	4.91 ± 0.10	4.87 ± 0.10	4.83 ± 0.10	4.71 ± 0.08	0.71	2.39e-02	5.27e-02
Hct (l/l)	0.45 ± 0.01	0.44 ± 0.01	0.44 ± 0.01	0.43 ± 0.00
MCV (fl)	91.10 ± 0.80	90.50 ± 0.99	90.70 ± 0.92	90.90 ± 0.82
MCH (pg)	30.50 ± 0.27	30.70 ± 0.21	30.70 ± 0.21	30.90 ± 0.23
MCHC (g/l)	337.10 ± 1.29	338.70 ± 2.44	338.20 ± 2.41	338.80 ± 2.05
RDW (%)	13.09 ± 0.17	13.21 ± 0.19	13.35 ± 0.18	13.13 ± 0.20
Neutrophils (109/l)	3.38 ± 0.19	3.78 ± 0.38	3.65 ± 0.29	3.26 ± 0.31	0.31	1.76e-02	4.85e-02
Lymphocytes (109/l)	1.99 ± 0.11	1.92 ± 0.12	2.03 ± 0.13	1.90 ± 0.09
Eosinophils (109/l)	0.15 ± 0.01	0.17 ± 0.02	0.16 ± 0.02	0.15 ± 0.01
Basophils (109/l)	0.04 ± 0.00	0.04 ± 0.00	0.05 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.00
Monocytes (109/l)	0.49 ± 0.03	0.48 ± 0.06	0.57 ± 0.04	0.47 ± 0.02
Classical monocytes (109/l)	0.36 ± 0.04	0.32 ± 0.05	0.40 ± 0.05	0.35 ± 0.04
Intermediate monocytes (109/l)	0.02 ± 0.003	0.03 ± 0.005	0.043 ± 0.009	0.02 ± 0.003
Non-classical monocytes (109/l)	0.11 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.03	0.13 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.02
Classical monocytes (%)	72.78 ± 3.23	66.63 ± 5.83	66.93 ± 6.29	71.46 ± 5.56
Intermediate monocytes (%)	4.23 ± 0.85	5.82 ± 0.68	7.09 ± 1.43	4.26 ± 0.63
Nonclassical monocytes (%)	23.02 ± 3.29	27.55 ± 6.22	25.68 ± 6.91	25.63 ± 5.54

FPG, fasting plasma glucose; Hb, hemoglobin; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; Hct, hematocrit; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; hsCRP, high sensitive c-reactive protein; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; RBC, red blood cell; RDW, red cell distribution width; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion protein 1; WBC, white blood cell.

^aData are presented as the mean ± SEM.

^bFold change of SLO treatment effect.

^cP values for estimated treatment effects obtained from a linear mixed model.

^dBenjamini-Hochberg–corrected P values for estimated treatment effects.