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. 2021 Jul 15;22:205. doi: 10.1186/s12931-021-01801-0

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Longitudinal biomarker levels are elevated in progressive IPF patients.Serum levels of C1M (A), PRO-C3 (B) and C3M (C) are shown at baseline, six months and 12 months for stable (dark blue) and progressive (grey) patients with IPF. Disease progression was defined as ≥ 5% decline in FVC and/or ≥ 10% decline in DLco or all-cause mortality within 12 months. Data are presented as mean and 95% CI (error bars) adjusted for age and sex. The number of evaluable samples available for analysis at each time point is provided in the graph. The P-values for the interaction between visit and progression status for C1M (P = 0.63), PRO-C3 (P = 0.46) and for C3M (P = 0.86). Significant differences between progressive and stable patients over one year are shown as ** (P < 0.01) and * (P < 0.05)