Table 4.

Application of GBNs in magnetothermal therapy

References	Type of GBN	Targeting ligands	Modification	Drugs	Properties	Cell line	Animal model	Results
[187]	GO	_	PEI, IONPs	DOX	Intratumorally injected	MCF-7	BALB/c mice	Led to more apoptosis and demonstrated higher antitumor efficacy combined with AMF
[188]	rGO	_	SPIONs, PEG	_	_	MCF-7	_	Enhanced the magnetothermal ablation efficacy
[189]	GO	HA	_	DOX, PTX	Targeted delivery	MDA-MB-231, BT-474	_	MTT was used to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutics in killing tumor cells
[190]	GO	_	FVIOs	_	Combined magnetothermal effect and ROS-related immunologic effect	4T1	A mouse 4T1 cell subcutaneous breast tumor model	Eliminated the tumor at a low dose and short time under AMF exposure

PEI, polyethylenimine; IONPs, iron oxide nanoparticles; FVIOs, ferrimagnetic vortex-domain iron oxide nanorings; AMF, alternating magnetic field