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Transport and signaling of gut microbiota products. A SCFAs are transported by MCT, while, gaseous molecules diffuse to the colonic cells and are oxidized in the mitochondria or in the unmetabolized form enter portal vein. B SCFAs stimulate GPR41 and GPR43 and C the secretion of gut hormones, GLP-1 and PYY, which regulate energy homeostasis in the body. MCT; monocarboxylate transporters, GPR; G-protein coupled receptor, GLP-1; glucagon-like peptide-1, PYY; peptide YY
