Fig 1. Overview of experiments.

Flowchart illustrating the overall experimental design. Parental pairs were first tested for harmonic convergence. Father fitness was then assayed in either insemination capacity or flight performance assays and mother fitness was measured by first egg clutch size. Finally, sons were tested for harmonic convergence with unrelated females, followed by either insemination capacity or flight performance assays, while daughters were mated with unrelated males and their lifetime reproductive fitness tracked using a life table analysis.