Table 2.
Characteristics of Women Who Were Received for Their Delivery in Hospital Municipal Camiri, Hospital Japones, and Hospital Percy Boland in the Department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| Characteristic | Hospital Camiri | Hospital Japones | Hospital Percy Boland | P Value: HMC vs HUJ | P Value: HMC vs HPB | P Value: HUJ vs HPB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total presenting, No. | 515 | 1286 | 4219 | |||
| Total included, N | 512 | 1235 | 4083 | |||
| Trypanosoma cruzi seroprevalence | 48.8 (250/512) | 18.7 (231/1235) | 21.4 (875/4083) | <.001 | <.001 | .039 |
| Seropositive mothers with follow-up at age 1 mo | 62.4 (156/250) | 76.7 (177/231) | 47.3 (414/875) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 |
| Seropositive mothers with complete follow-up at age 6 or 9 mo | 58.4 (146/250) | 59.7 (138/231) | 25.3 (221/875) | .765 | <.001 | <.001 |
| Prevalence congenital cases at birth | 1.2a (3/254) | 6.8b (17/250) | 7.3c (65/891) | .001 | <.001 | .7888 |
| Prevalence congenital cases at 1 mo | 2.6d (4/154) | 3.6d (6/166) | 2.4d (8/327) | .601 | .921 | .461 |
| Prevalence congenital cases at 6 or 9 mo | 1.4e (3/142) | 3.9e (5/127) | 3.6e (8/221) | .379 | .414 | .881 |
| Estimated congenital transmission | 5.5f (14/254) | 13.6f (34/250) | 12.8f (114/891) | .002 | .001 | .738 |
| Age, y, mean (SE) | 24.7 (0.3) | 25.4 (0.2) | 24.9 (0.1) | .06 | .873 | .021 |
| History of spontaneous abortion or stillbirth | 2.5 (13/512) | 6.2 (77/1235) | 6.4 (263/4083) | .001 | .001 | .795 |
| Had received a Chagas test before | 71.8 (370/515) | 64.3 (794/1235) | 87.5 (3571/4083) | .001 | <.001 | <.001 |
| Had a positive result of Chagas before | 27.2 (140/515) | 13.7 (169/1235) | 10.9 (443/4083) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 |
| Lives in a rural area now | 34.4 (132/384) | 26.3 (324/1232) | 20.7 (843/4083) | .003 | <.001 | <.001 |
| Lives in an infested house now | 22.7 (117/515) | 5.7 (70/1235) | 6.8 (278/4063) | <.001 | <.001 | .150 |
Data are presented as percentage (no./No.) unless otherwise indicated. All congenital cases detected in Hospital Municipal Camiri, Hospital Universitario Japones, and 43 cases in Hospital Percy Boland were determined using the diagnostic criteria described in the Methods and Table 1. Due to the high numbers lost to follow-up at 1 and 9 months, the remaining cases in Hospital Percy Boland were assigned based only on the results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction at birth. Bold values denote statistical significance.
Abbreviations: HMC, Hospital Municipal Camiri; HPB, Hospital Percy Boland; HUJ, Hospital Japones; SE, standard error.
aThe denominator includes 4 twin births that were observed.
bThe denominator includes 19 twin births that were observed.
cThe denominator includes 12 twins and 1 triple birth that were observed.
dCases that were previously detected at birth were not included.
eCases that were previously detected at birth and 1 month were not included.
fTo determinate the estimated rate of congenital transmission, we used the prevalence of congenital infection at 1 month and 6–9 months in infants that completed the follow-up period to input the number of congenital cases in infants who were lost to follow-up during those time points. The imputation was done under the assumption that the prevalence of congenital infection was the same between infants who completed and did not complete the follow-up period.