Table 2.

Criteria for centers of excellence for PAS disorders.

1. Multidisciplinary team

a. Experienced maternal-fetal medicine physician or obstetrician

b. Imaging experts (ultrasound and MRI)

c. Pelvic surgeon (i.e., gynecologic oncology or urogynecology)

d. Anesthesiologist (i.e., obstetric or cardiac anesthesia)

e. Urologist

f. Trauma or general surgeon

g. Interventional radiologist

h. Neonatologist

2. ICU and facilities

a. Interventional radiology

b. Surgical or medical ICU (24-hour availability of intensive care specialists)

c. Neonatal ICU (gestational age appropriate for neonate)

3. Blood services

a. Massive transfusion capabilities

b. Cell saver and perfusionists

c. Experience and access to alternative blood products

d. Guidance of transfusion medicine specialists or blood bank pathologists

From Silver et al. [53] with permission.