Table 2.
The association between alcohol drinking and pancreatic cancer risk.
| Alcohol consumption | Cases N = 419 n (%) |
Controls N = 963 n (%) |
OR (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drinking status | |||
| Never | 152 (36.3) | 329 (34.2) | Reference |
| Occasional | 172 (41.0) | 486 (50.5) | 0.82 (0.60–1.11) |
| Former regular | 34 (8.1) | 60 (6.2) | 0.74 (0.42–1.31) |
| Current regular | 61 (14.6) | 88 (9.1) | 1.03 (0.63–1.68) |
| Frequency | |||
| Never | 152 (36.3) | 329 (34.2) | Reference |
| Occasional | 172 (41.0) | 486 (50.5) | 0.82 (0.60–1.11) |
| Monthly | 6 (1.4) | 13 (1.3) | 0.94 (0.31–2.84) |
| Weekly | 21 (5.0) | 53 (5.5) | 0.57 (0.29–1.12) |
| Daily | 55 (13.1) | 74 (7.7) | 0.94 (0.56–1.57) |
| Unknown | 13 (3.1) | 13 (0.8) | – |
| Level | |||
| Never | 152 (36.3) | 329 (34.2) | Reference |
| Occasional | 172 (41.0) | 486 (50.5) | 0.82 (0.60–1.11) |
| Light | 44 (10.5) | 93 (9.7) | 0.67 (0.40–1.13) |
| Moderate | 6 (1.4) | 16 (1.7) | 0.46 (0.15–1.39) |
| Heavy | 24 (5.7) | 26 (2.7) | 1.17 (0.57–2.38) |
| Unknown | 21 (5.0) | 13 (1.4) | – |
CI confidence interval, N number, OR odds ratio.
aOR and 95% CI were calculated using unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for sex, age, education, cigarette smoking (pack-years), oral hygiene score, vegetable consumption, allergy, diabetes/glucose intolerance and BMI at two years before the pancreatic cancer diagnosis for the cases or before the interview date for the controls.