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. 2021 Jul 15;11:14511. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93861-x

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Comparison of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 levels in the serum (A) and brain hippocampus (B) of rats in three groups 24 h after operation. Compared with the sham group, the levels of inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in the serum and hippocampus in both the CLP + saline group and CLP + vitamin C group were significantly increased (P = 0.000). Compared with the CLP + saline group, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum and hippocampus in the CLP + vitamin C group were significantly decreased (P = 0.001). The anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in the serum and hippocampus were significantly increased (P = 0.001).*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 compared with sham group; ^#P < 0.05 and ^##P < 0.01 compared with CLP group. TNF-α tumor necrosis factor, IL-6 interleukin-6, IL-10 interleukin-10, CLP cecal ligation and puncture.