Table 1.

Descriptives per condition.

Time slot	Day	Start	End	Walking direction	Supplementary intervention	SDS setting	N	Duration (min)
1	28-Aug	08:00	11:30	Bidirectional		No SDS
2	28-Aug	13:30	15:30	Bidirectional	Facemask	No feedbacka	130	120
3	28-Aug	15:30	17:30	Bidirectional	None	No feedbacka	137	120
4	28-Aug	17:30	19:30	Bidirectional	Buzzer	Buzzer after 2 sec	122	120
5	29-Aug	11:00	13:30	Unidirectional		No SDS
6	29-Aug	13:30	15:30	Unidirectional	None	No feedbacka	147	120
7	29-Aug	16:00	18:00	Unidirectional	Buzzer	Buzzer immediately, stops after 2 sec	137	120
8	30-Aug	11:00	13:30	No direction		No SDS
9	30-Aug	13:30	15:30	No direction	Buzzer	Buzzer immediately, stops after 2 sec	123	120
10	30-Aug	15:30	16:30	No direction	Buzzer	Buzzer immediately, persists after 2 sec	146	60
11	30-Aug	17:00	18:00	No direction	None	No feedbacka	102	60

We implemented experimental conditions in eight time slots (2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 11). Some of these time slots contained only walking directions (Supplementary intervention = None), while others contained both walking directions and a supplementary intervention. SDSs were not handed out during the remaining time slots (1, 5, and 8). Six experimental conditions lasted two hours, while two lasted one hour. Except in the buzzer conditions, the SDS was covered in a black bag so the flashing light was invisible. Note that the sum of the number of visitors across conditions differs from the reported n = 639 visitors who wore an SDS, because some people stayed inside the art fair during multiple conditions.

^aThe SDS requires to always select at least one form of feedback (light, buzzer, sound). In conditions during which the SDS should not provide feedback (face mask, no supplementary intervention), we set the settings to light, and provided black bags to cover the SDS, such that no feedback was received.