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. 2021 Jul 15;11:14516. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93893-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Microarray-based selection of antigens present at different levels in serum samples from individuals with active TB or LTBI or healthy controls. (a–c) Volcano plots. Differential analysis of serum samples from the ATB and LTBI groups (a), ATB and HC groups (b) and the LTBI and HC groups (c). Volcano plots show the change in transformed p-value (− log₁₀) against the log₂ ratio in the three groups of serum samples. Blue dashed lines: cut-off values (ratio > 1.2 and p-value < 0.05). Red dots: antigens present at increased levels. Important proteins present at increased levels are labeled. (d) Venn diagram. Twenty-three antigens present at higher levels in the ATB group were present in both the ATB-vs-HC and ATB-vs-LTBI comparisons. (e) Hierarchical clustering of the 23 differential proteins (from (d)) in the ATB, LTBI and HC groups. Color bar: signal intensity of the antigen. The heatmap was drawn using the ‘pheatmap’ package (v1.0.12)²³.