Table 1.
Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of patients with precapillary PH.
| Variable |
Study cohort (N = 203) |
WHO-FC I (n = 20) |
WHO-FC II (n = 130) |
WHO-FC III + IV (n = 53) |
Overall P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 49.2 ± 14.5 | 45.2 ± 15.0 | 49.8 ± 14.3 | 49.1 ± 14.8 | 0.413 |
| Male, n (%) | 57 (28.1) | 5 (25) | 41 (31.5) | 11 (20.8) | 0.324 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.501 |
| 6MWD (m) | 378 (98–630) | 450 (249–630) | 386 (98–610) | 331 (190–500) | <0.001 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 1230.8 ± 1436.5 | 659.2 ± 1066.3 | 1066.1 ± 1779.9 | 1899.8 ± 1744.9 | 0.004 |
| Etiologies | 0.233 | ||||
| CTEPH | 95 (46.8) | 7 (35.0) | 62 (47.7) | 26 (49.1) | |
| Connective tissue disease | 44 (21.6) | 4 (20.0) | 29 (22.3) | 11 (20.8) | |
| Idiopathic | 37 (18.2) | 3 (5.0) | 21 (16.2) | 13 (24.5) | |
| Congenital heart disease | 17 (8.4) | 3 (15.0) | 12 (9.2) | 2 (3.8) | |
| Heritable | 5 (2.5) | 1 (5.0) | 3 (2.3) | 1 (1.8) | |
| Drug use | 5 (2.5) | 2 (10.0) | 3 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Basic hemodynamic data | |||||
| RAP (mm Hg) | 5.6 ± 4.5 | 3.7 ± 3.0 | 5.4 ± 4.2 | 6.8 ± 5.3 | 0.033 |
| mPAP (mm Hg) | 47.9 ± 13.5 | 41.5 ± 17.8 | 47.6 ± 12.4 | 51.2 ± 13.7 | 0.021 |
| CI (L/min per m2) | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.5 | 2.5 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
| PVR (Wood units) | 11.0 ± 6.2 | 6.9 ± 3.9 | 10.1 ± 5.3 | 14.9 ± 7.1 | <0.001 |
| PH medical treatment | 0.147 | ||||
| PDE-5 inhibitors | 96 (47.3) | 9 (45.0) | 61 (46.9) | 26 (49.1) | |
| Endothelin receptor antagonists | 75 (36.9) | 7 (35.0) | 46 (35.4) | 22 (41.5) | |
| Combined therapy | 126 (62.1) | 4 (20.0) | 79 (60.8) | 43 (81.1) | |
| Follow-up (mo) | 24.5 (0.1–67.7) | 27.5 (0.1–60.3) | 24.4 (0.3–67.4) | 23.5 (0.3–67.7) | 0.704 |
| Adverse clinical events | |||||
| PH-related death | 3 (1.5) | ||||
| PH-related hospitalization | 41 (20.2) | ||||
| Balloon pulmonary angioplasty | 36 (17.7) | ||||
| Pulmonary endarterectomy | 7 (3.4) |
BSA, body surface area; 6MWD, 6-min walk distance; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-natriuretic peptide; RA, right atrium; RAP, RA pressure; mPAP, mean PA pressure; CI, cardiac index; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, number (percentage), or median (interquartile range). P-values indicate statistical significance between groups. Bold values indicate statistical significance of a difference between the tested parameters.