Table 2.
Prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among adults according to background characteristics (ENDES 2019).
| Characteristic | Undiagnosed hypertension |
P-value∗∗ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 1148) %∗ (95% CI) |
Yes (n = 2549) %∗ (95% CI) |
||
| Total | 32.8 (30.4–35.3) | 67.2 (64.7–69.6) | -- |
| Standardized prevalence# | 19.5 (17.7–21.4) | 80.5 (78.6–82.3) | |
| Age group (years) | |||
| 18-29 | 5.5 (2.6–11.2) | 94.5 (88.8–97.4) | <0.001 |
| 30-49 | 18.0 (14.5–22.1) | 82.0 (77.9–85.5) | |
| 50-69 | 35.2 (31.5–39.2) | 64.8 (60.8–68.5) | |
| 70 or more | 52.5 (47.3–57.6) | 47.5 (42.4–52.7) | |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 44.3 (40.3–48.4) | 55.7 (51.6–59.7) | <0.001 |
| Male | 25.3 (22.4–28.3) | 74.7 (71.7–77.6) | |
| Ethnicty | |||
| Non native | 34.1 (31.1–37.3) | 65.9 (62.7–68.9) | 0.156 |
| Native | 28.9 (24.8–33.5) | 71.1 (66.5–75.2) | |
| Afro-Peruvian | 33.3 (27.0–40.2) | 66.7 (59.8–73.0) | |
| Educational level | |||
| None or elementary school | 37.5 (30.4–45.2) | 62.5 (54.8–69.6) | <0.001 |
| Primary education | 41.4 (37.2–45.8) | 58.6 (54.2–62.8) | |
| Secondary education | 29.1 (25.4–33.2) | 70.9 (66.8–74.6) | |
| Higher education | 28.0 (23.7–32.8) | 72.0 (67.2–76.3) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Single | 19.0 (14.0–25.4) | 81.0 (74.6–86.0) | <0.001 |
| Married | 31.6 (28.6–34.7) | 68.4 (65.3–71.4) | |
| Widowed, divorced, or separated | 41.7 (37.0–46.6) | 58.3 (53.4–63.0) | |
| Health insurance | |||
| No | 22.2 (18.2–26.8) | 77.8 (73.2–81.8) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 36.5 (33.7–39.3) | 63.5 (60.7–66.3) | |
| Body Mass Index | |||
| Underweight/Normal | 28.2 (23.6–33.4) | 71.8 (66.6–76.4) | 0.039 |
| Overweight | 31.9 (28.5–35.6) | 68.1 (64.4–71.5) | |
| Obesity | 36.5 (32.4–40.7) | 63.5 (59.3–67.6) | |
| Physical or psychological limitation | |||
| No | 32.1 (29.7–34.5) | 67.9 (65.5–70.3) | 0.002 |
| Yes | 50.5 (38.5–62.4) | 49.5 (37.6–61.5) | |
| Depressive symptoms | |||
| No | 31.4 (29.0–33.9) | 68.6 (66.1–71.0) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 49.1 (40.7–57.5) | 50.9 (42.5–59.3) | |
| Diabetes | |||
| No | 29.2 (26.9–31.7) | 70.8 (68.3–73.1) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 67.1 (58.4–74.7) | 32.9 (25.3–41.6) | |
| Smoking status | |||
| No | 34.4 (31.8–37.1) | 65.6 (62.9–68.2) | 0.002 |
| Yes | 21.2 (15.3–28.6) | 78.8 (71.4–84.7) | |
| Binge drinking | |||
| No | 36.6 (33.8–39.5) | 63.4 (60.5–66.2) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 21.1 (17.1–25.7) | 78.9 (74.3–82.9) | |
| Wealth quintile | |||
| Richest | 38.0 (32.3–44.1) | 62.0 (55.9–67.7) | 0.019 |
| Rich | 35.9 (30.6–41.6) | 64.1 (58.4–69.4) | |
| Middle | 30.4 (25.5–35.8) | 69.6 (64.2–74.5) | |
| Poor | 29.3 (25.1–33.8) | 70.7 (66.2–74.9) | |
| Poorest | 27.8 (24.5–31.3) | 72.2 (68.7–75.5) | |
| Area of residence | |||
| Urban | 33.6 (30.9–36.5) | 66.4 (63.5–69.1) | 0.019 |
| Rural | 28.3 (25.0–31.8) | 71.7 (68.2–75.0) | |
| Natural region of residence | |||
| Jungle | 35.9 (31.6–40.5) | 64.1 (59.5–68.4) | 0.135 |
| Andean | 29.6 (26.3–33.2) | 70.4 (66.8–73.7) | |
| Coast | 33.2 (30.1–36.5) | 66.8 (63.5–69.9) | |
| Altitude of residence (meters) | |||
| 0-499 | 33.7 (30.6–36.8) | 66.3 (63.2–69.4) | 0.028 |
| 500-1499 | 33.6 (26.7–41.4) | 66.4 (58.6–73.3) | |
| 1500-2999 | 34.5 (29.6–39.8) | 65.5 (60.2–70.4) | |
| 3000 or more | 24.9 (20.8–29.5) | 75.1 (70.5–79.2) | |
Data are displayed as weighted % of the row unless otherwise indicated.
ENDES: Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar.
∗
The weighting factor and sample specifications of ENDES were included.
∗∗
Estimated P-value using the Chi-square test with Rao-Scott adjustment.
#
According to the WHO population. CI: confidence interval.