Table 4.

Associations between social isolation and health promoting behaviors (n = 485).

Variables	Total sample	Healthy	With one disease	Multimorbidity
Social isolation (Not socially isolated as reference)	−0.143∗	−0.195	−0.099	−0.167∗
Age	−0.067	0.106	−0.130	−0.045
Gender (Male as reference)	0.117∗	−0.034	0.120	0.155∗
Education (College and above as reference)
Primary school at least	−0.240∗	−0.318	−0.149	−0.258∗
Junior high school	−0.184∗	−0.209	−0.233∗	−0.143
Senior high school	−0.141∗	−0.087	−0.158	−0.123
Monthly income (≥6,000 CNY as reference)
500 CNY or below	−0.108∗	0.002	−0.121	−0.163∗
501−1,999 CNY	−0.095	0.019	−0.180	−0.058
2,000−3,999 CNY	−0.161	0.035	−0.245	−0.171
4,000−5,999 CNY	−0.192∗	−0.190	−0.199	−0.202∗
Living arrangements (Living alone as reference)
With children	−0.127	−0.536∗	−0.127	0.001
With spouse	−0.049	−0.448∗	−0.024	0.033
Other	−0.003	0.001	−0.111	−0.015
R2	0.148	0.301	0.168	0.161
P	<0.001	0.046	0.002	<0.001

Note: Data are β values. ∗P < 0.05.