Table 4.

Prevalence Ratios with 95% confidence interval considering pain in the neck and shoulder region (n = 14,327)

	Prevalence ratios for neck and shoulder pain (outcome) after adjusting for gender, age, weekly working hours and working conditions (Model #5)
Age	Per year	1.003 (1.002–1.005)
Gender	Women	1.571 (1.518–1.625)
Weekly working hours	Per h	0.993 (0.990–0.995)
Psychosocial workload (score)	Per unit	1.010 (1.009–1.012)
	Never	Rarely	Sometimes	Often
Works in awkward postures	1 (ref.)	0.974 (0.922–1.029)	1.009 (0.953–1.068)	(answer split into 3 dummy variables)
1) Often performs overhead work	1 (ref.)	–	–	1.038 (0.960–1.122)
2) Often when bending	1 (ref.)	–	–	1.120 (1.047–1.199)
3) Often when kneeling	1 (ref.)	–	–	0.989 (0.922–1.060)
Manual handling of heavy loads	1 (ref.)	1.009 (0.961–1.060)	1.010 (0.951–1.072)	1.119 (1.058–1.184)
Manual handling operations	1 (ref.)	0.966 (0.906–1.029)	0.951 (0.895–1.011)	1.021 (0.973–1.071)
Climatic workload	1 (ref.)	1.006 (0.951–1.065)	1.107 (1.053–1.165)	1.176 (1.119–1.236)

Legend: ref. = reference group