Table 2.

Moderators of Response Rate

Moderator	Mean Response Rate % [CI]	Test of Group Difference Q(1)
On Medication (n = 9)	59.4 [48.5, 69.5]	13.899, p < 0.001
Off Medication (n = 6)	27.4 [17.8, 39.8]
Without Adjunct Chronotherapy (n = 8)	38.7 [20.6, 60.6]	2.493, p = 0.114
With Adjunct Chronotherapy (n = 7)	58.3 [47.7, 68.3]
1 TSD Exposure (n = 5)†	56.8 [43.4, 69.3]	1.176, p = 0.278
3 TSD Exposures (n = 9)‡	45.1 [29.9, 61.3]
Response Percentage (n = 7)	54.3 [42.2, 65.8]	0.663, p = 0.415
Response Score (n = 8)	43.6 [23.8, 65.7]
Bipolar I (n = 5)	48.6 [27.5, 70.3]	0.021, p = 0.884
Bipolar I and II (n = 10)	46.6 [32.0, 61.7]
Non-Milan-based Study (n = 7)	49.5 [36.2, 62.8]	0.058, p = 0.810
Milan-based Study (n = 8)	46.8 [30.7, 63.6]

^†One study used late PSD exposure with 3h time-in-bed (Souetre et al., 1987)

^‡One study with 8 TSD exposures, a number deemed to be an outlier, was excluded (Papadimitriou et al., 1993)