Table 2:
Study Characteristics by Mtb Infection Status
| HC n=315 |
LTBI n=432 |
TB n=194 |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years): median (IQR)a | 25.0 (20.0 – 34.0) | 31.0 (24.0 – 41.2) | 33.0 (26.2 – 40.0) | <0.001b |
| Sex: n (%)a | <0.001c | |||
| Female | 212 (67.3%) | 276 (63.9%) | 79 (40.7%) | |
| Male | 103 (32.7%) | 156 (36.1%) | 115 (59.3%) | |
| Race: n (%) | 1c | |||
| Black African | 315 (100%) | 432 (100%) | 194 (100%) | |
| Recruitment Site: n (%)a | <0.001c | |||
| Kisumu City (urban) | 150 (50%) | 250 (59.2%) | 129 (75.4%) | |
| Kombewa (rural) | 150 (50%) | 172 (40.8%) | 42 (24.6%) | |
| Clinical Information | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL): median (IQR)a | 12.9 (11.8 – 13.9) | 13.2 (11.9 – 14.2) | 11.2 (9.80 – 12.3) | <0.001b |
| Pregnant: n (%)a | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.38%) | 0 (0%) | 1d |
| Malaria: n (%)a | 1 (0.47%) | 1 (0.38%) | 0 (0%) | 1d |
| Any Helminth (not including SM): n (%)a | 39 (12.4%) | 46 (10.6%) | 11 (5.67%) | 0.048c |
| Ascarisa | 2 (0.63%) | 11 (2.55%) | 1 (0.52%) | 0.060d |
| Trichurisa | 11 (3.49%) | 5 (1.16%) | 5 (2.58%) | 0.087d |
| Hookworma | 28 (8.89%) | 33 (7.64%) | 5 (2.58%) | 0.020d |
| Number of Helminth Species (not including SM): n (%)a | 0.131d | |||
| 0 | 276 (87.6%) | 386 (89.4%) | 183 (94.3%) | |
| 1 | 37 (11.7%) | 43 (9.95%) | 11 (5.67%) | |
| 2 | 2 (0.63%) | 3 (0.69%) | 0 (0%) | |
| HIV Clinical Features | ||||
| Positive: n (%)a | 131 (41.6%) | 132 (30.6%) | 105 (54.1%) | <0.001c |
| Among Positive | ||||
| Viral Load (copies/mL): median (IQR) a | 52004 (6100 – 145968) | 14856 (1810 – 54166) | 41728 (355 – 376951) | 0.022b |
| Suppressed Viral Load: n (%)e | 6 (4.6%) | 8 (6.1%) | 16 (15.2%) | 0.007d |
| CD4 Count (cells/μL): median (IQR) | 466 (292 – 646) | 518 (356 – 720) | 172(78 – 386) | <0.001b |
| On ART: n(%) | <0.001d | |||
| Yes | 6 (4.6%) | 10 (7.6%) | 40 (38.1%) | |
| No | 105 (80.2%) | 104 (78.8%) | 49 (46.7%) | |
| Unknown | 20 (15.3%) | 18 (13.6%) | 16 (15.2%) | |
| Tuberculosis Clinical Features | ||||
| QFT IFNγ IU/mL: median (IQR) | 0.00 (0.00 – 0.04) | 7.07 (2.09–9.57) | ND | <0.001b |
| Abnormal Chest x-ray: n (%) | 3 (1.05%) | 10 (2.5%) | ND | <0.001d |
a
: Included in propensity score and outcome regression models
b
: Kruskall-Wallis
c
: χ2 test
d
: Fisher’s exact test
e
: <20 copies HIV-1 RNA/ml plasma
Abbreviations IQR: Interquartile Range QFT: QuantiFERON Gold ND: Note Done