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. 2021 Jul 15;13(1):1951113. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1951113

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© 2021 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 5. — The gut microbiota compositional and functional shifts induced by probiotic exposure. Differentially abundant taxa (a) and functional capacities (b) between PRO and NoP. Differentially abundant taxa were determined by ANCOM and labeled with * in the heatmap, indicating the significantly altered taxa from the respective between-group comparison. Row-wise Z-score scaling was conducted in the heatmap visualization, showing the normalized relative abundance by the mean of the specific taxa across all samples. In the boxplots, *, **, ***and **** represent adjusted p < .05, 0.01, 0.005, 0.001 between PRO and NoP in the same DOL period. PRO, probiotics cohort; NoP, non-probiotics cohort