Table 2. Impact of cancer on COVID-19 outcomes in closed cases.
| Characteristics | Discharge | p-value | Deceased | p-value | Total | p-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Noncancer (n = 142) | Cancer (n = 42) | Noncancer (n = 33) | Cancer (n = 7) | Noncancer (n = 175) | Cancer (n = 49) | |||||
| Age | Mean ± SD | 58.0 ± 15.1 | 63.8 ± 13.2 | 0.026 | 61.7 ± 11.3 | 64.0 ± 12.04 | 0.64 | 58.7 ± 14.6 | 63.6 ± 12.5 | 0.023 |
| Gender | Female | 80 (57.1) | 20 (47.6) | 0.29 | 15 (46.9) | 3 (42.9) | 0.84 | 95 (55.2) | 23 (46.9) | 0.30 |
| Male | 60 (42.9) | 22 (52.4) | 17 (53.1) | 4 (57.1) | 77 (44.8) | 26 (53.1) | ||||
| BMI | Mean ± SD | 33.3 ± 9.08 | 31.35 ± 9.3 | 0.23 | 36.3 ± 7.66 | 33.2 ± 8.83 | 0.34 | 33.8 ± 8.74 | 32.1 ± 9.04 | 0.19 |
| CURB-65 | Mean ± SD | 1.42 ± 0.73 | 1.31 ± 0.72 | 0.38 | 2.18 ± 1.01 | 2.00 ± 1.00 | 0.67 | 1.59 ± 0.84 | 1.49 ± 0.85 | 0.45 |
| qSOFA | Mean ± SD | 0.67 ± 0.60 | 0.67 ± 0.69 | 0.98 | 1.21 ± 0.82 | 1.00 ± 1.00 | 0.55 | 0.77 ± 0.68 | 0.70 ± 0.71 | 0.49 |
| No. comorbidities | Mean ± SD | 1.04 ± 1.25 | 2.29 ± 1.13 | <0.001 | 1.24 ± 1.15 | 2.43 ± 1.51 | 0.024 | 1.12 ± 1.27 | 2.28 ± 1.22 | <0.001 |
| ABG | P/F ratio | 242.7 ± 95 | 228 ± 137 | 0.65 | 139.8 ± 91.9 | 246.4 ± 118 | 0.032 | 208.4 ± 103 | 203 ± 127 | 0.83 |
| Laboratory testing | CRP | 36.0 ± 51.4 | 29.4 ± 40.4 | 0.60 | 35.7 ± 55.7 | 8.94 ± 5.67 | 0.30 | 33.0 ± 50.5 | 23.5 ± 33.7 | 0.34 |
| Ferritin | 497 ± 423.7 | 717.5 ± 951 | 0.33 | 699.4 ± 439.3 | 515.8 ± 141.4 | 0.59 | 675.4 ± 689 | 901.4 ± 910 | 0.29 | |
| Procalcitonin | 16.6 ± 84.2 | 0.74 ± 1.37 | 0.60 | 60.5 ± 147.7 | 0.28 ± 0.29 | 0.52 | 19.5 ± 86.5 | 0.64 ± 1.04 | 0.40 | |
| NLR | 5.76 ± 3.91 | 9.32 ± 15.2 | 0.016 | 9.33 ± 7.42 | 5.08 ± 3.37 | 0.029 | 8.13 ± 22.3 | 8.81 ± 13.2 | 0.83 | |
| Require O2 therapy | Negative | 60 (46.9) | 19 (48.7) | 0.85 | 13 (43.3) | 2 (28.6) | 0.67 | 73 (46.2) | 21 (45.7) | 0.94 |
| Positive | 68 (53.1) | 20 (51.3) | 17 (56.7) | 5 (71.4) | 85 (53.8) | 25 (54.3) | ||||
| Require intubation | Negative | 113 (88.3) | 34 (87.2) | 0.78 | 7 (23.3) | 3 (42.9) | 0.36 | 120 (75.9) | 37 (80.4) | 0.69 |
| Positive | 15 (11.7) | 5 (12.8) | 23 (76.7) | 4 (57.1) | 38 (24.1) | 9 (19.6) | ||||
| Mechanical ventilation | Negative | 100 (78.1) | 30 (76.9) | 0.83 | 6 (20) | 4 (57.1) | 0.06 | 106 (67.1) | 34 (73.9) | 0.47 |
| Positive | 28 (21.9) | 9 (23.1) | 24 (80) | 3 (42.9) | 52 (32.9) | 12 (26.1) | ||||
| Extubation | Negative | 97 (91.5) | 29 (87.9) | 0.53 | 21 (75) | 5 (71.4) | 0.84 | 118 (88.1) | 34 (85) | 0.59 |
| Positive | 9 (8.5) | 4 (12.1) | 7 (25) | 2 (28.6) | 16 (11.9) | 6 (15) | ||||
| Unplanned reintubation | Negative | 105 (99.1) | 26 (92.9) | 0.049 | 23 (82.1) | 4 (80) | 0.90 | 128 (95.5) | 30 (90.9) | 0.38 |
| Positive | 1 (0.9) | 2 (7.1) | 5 (17.9) | 1 (20) | 6 (4.5) | 3 (9.1) | ||||
| ICU admission | Floor | 97 (77) | 28 (71.8) | 0.52 | 4 (13.3) | 2 (28.6) | 0.31 | 101 (64.7) | 30 (65.2) | 0.95 |
| ICU | 29 (23) | 11 (28.2) | 26 (86.7) | 5 (71.4) | 55 (35.3) | 16 (34.8) | ||||
| Develop complications | Negative | 32 (22.9) | 10 (24.4) | 0.83 | 3 (9.4) | 0 (0) | 0.39 | 35 (20.3) | 10 (20.8) | 0.94 |
| Positive | 108 (77.1) | 31 (75.6) | 29 (90.6) | 7 (100) | 137 (79.7) | 38 (79.2) | ||||
| Type of complications | ARDS | 26 (18.6) | 9 (22) | 0.65 | 14 (43.8) | 3 (42.9) | 0.96 | 40 (23.3) | 12 (25) | 0.84 |
| AKI | 30 (21.4) | 8 (19.5) | 0.79 | 20 (62.5) | 2 (28.6) | 0.10 | 50 (29.1) | 10 (20.8) | 0.27 | |
| Sepsis/shock | 22 (15.7) | 4 (9.8) | 0.45 | 5 (15.6) | 2 (28.6) | 0.58 | 27 (15.7) | 6 (12.5) | 0.65 | |
| LOS | Total LOS | 8.58 ± 6.50 | 12.8 ± 11.4 | 0.002 | 10.9 ± 6.48 | 16.5 ± 12.3 | 0.08 | 9.49 ± 6.39 | 14.4 ± 11.4 | <0.001 |
| ICU LOS | 1.09 ± 2.94 | 0.89 ± 2.63 | 0.71 | 6.88 ± 5.22 | 4.00 ± 4.65 | 0.19 | 2.42 ± 4.30 | 1.29 ± 3.09 | 0.09 | |
| Ventilation | 0.59 ± 2.27 | 0.84 ± 2.22 | 0.55 | 5.50 ± 4.09 | 3.00 ± 4.00 | 0.18 | 1.67 ± 3.44 | 1.06 ± 2.51 | 0.26 | |
Data are presented as number (percentage) or mean ± SD. Fisher's exact or chi-square and Mann-Whitney or Student's t-tests were used, blood urea nitrogen level >19 mg/dl (>7 mmol/l), respiratory rate ≥30, blood pressure (systolic <90 mm Hg or diastolic ≤60 mm Hg) and age ≥65 years.
ABG: Arterial blood gases; AKI: Acute kidney injury; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP: C-reactive protein; CURB-65: Confusion status; CVD: Cerebrovascular disease; ICU: Intensive care unit; LOS: length of stay; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; P/F ratio: PaO2/FiO2 ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2 in mmHg) to fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2 expressed as a fraction); qSOFA: Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; SD: Standard deviation.