TABLE 3.

Interactions of underlying health conditions with suspected COVID-19 symptoms on depression, and anxiety, Vietnam, 2020.

Interaction	Depression (PHQ ≥ 10)				Anxiety (GAD ≥ 8) a
	Model 1		Model 2		Model 1		Model 2
	OR (95% CI)	p	OR (95% CI)	p	OR (95% CI)	p	OR (95% CI)	p
Non-UHC × without S-COVID-19-S	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
UHC × without S-COVID-19-S	1.34 (0.98, 1.81)	0.063	0.84 (0.61, 1.16)	0.293	1.76 (1.19, 2.61)	0.004	0.92 (0.61, 1.39)	0.685
Non-UHC × with S-COVID-19-S	2.34 (1.96, 2.79)	<0.001	1.92 (1.59, 2.31)	<0.001	2.00 (1.56, 2.58)	<0.001	1.50 (1.15, 1.96)	0.003
UHC × with S-COVID-19-S	2.77 (1.94, 3.94)	<0.001	2.62 (1.81, 3.79)	<0.001	2.18 (1.38, 3.45)	0.001	3.12 (1.92, 5.07)	<0.001

PHQ, patient health questionnaire; GAD, Generalized Anxiety Disorder; OR, odd ratio; CI, confidence interval; UHC, underlying health conditions; S-COVID-19-S, suspected corona virus disease-2019 symptoms.

Model 1 Simple logistic regression to test the main effect of UHC, the main effect of S-COVID-19-S, and the interaction of UHC with S-COVID-19-S on anxiety and depression.

Model 2 The model 1 was adjusted for age (for both outcomes), gender (for both outcomes), occupation (for both outcomes), ability to pay for treatments (for depression only), lockdown measure (for both outcomes), and social status (for both outcomes) (Supplementary Tables S1–S3 in Supplementary File). The full model is presented in Supplementary Table S11 in Supplementary File.

^aAnxiety was analyzed on the sample of 4,348 participants.